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1、PsychologyAquestionofjudgmentInterviewersfavourthoseseenfirstJun16th2012
2、Fromtheprintedition··TweetANEVER-ENDINGflowofinformationisthelotofmostprofessionals.Whetheritcomesintheformoflawyers'cases,doctors'patientsorevenjournalists'stories,thisinformationnaturallygetsb
3、rokenupintopiecesthatcanbetackledoneatatimeduringthecourseofagivenday.Intheory,adecisionmadewhenhandlingoneofthesepiecesshouldnothavemuch,ifany,impactonsimilarbutunrelatedsubsequentdecisions.YetUriSimonsohnoftheUniversityofPennsylvaniaandFrancescaGinoatHarvardreporti
4、nPsychologicalSciencethatthisisnothowthingsworkoutinpractice.DrSimonsohnandDrGinoknewfromstudiesdoneinotherlaboratoriesthatpeopleare,onthewhole,pooratconsideringbackgroundinformationwhenmakingindividualdecisions.Atfirstglancethismightseemlikeastrengththatgrantstheabi
5、litytomakejudgmentswhichareunbiasedbyexternalfactors.Butinaworldofquotasandlimits—inotherwords,theworldinwhichmostprofessionalpeopleoperate—thetworesearcherssuspectedthatitwasactuallyaweakness.Theyspeculatedthataninabilitytoconsiderthebigpicturewasleadingdecision-mak
6、erstobebiasedbythedailysamplesofinformationtheywereworkingwith.Forexample,theytheorisedthatajudgefearfulofappearingtoosoftoncrimemightbemorelikelytosendsomeonetoprisonifhehadalreadysentencedfiveorsixotherdefendantsonlytoprobationonthatday.Inthissection·Boundarycondit
7、ions·Agenethief·Genetherapy·AquestionofjudgmentReprintsTotestthisidea,theyturnedtheirattentiontotheuniversity-admissionsprocess.Admissionsofficersinterviewhundredsofapplicantseveryyear,atarateof4½aday,andcanofferentrytoabout40%ofthem.Intheory,thesuccessofanapplicants
8、houldnotdependonthefewotherschosenrandomlyforinterviewduringthesameday,butDrSimonsohnandDrGinosuspectedthetruthwasotherwise.Theystudiedtheresultsof9,323MBAinterviewsconductedby31admissionsofficers.Theinterviewershadratedapplicantsonascaleofonetofive.Thisscaletooknume
9、rousfactors,includingcommunicationskills,personaldrive,team-workingabilityandpersonalaccomplishments,intoconsideration.Thescoresfro
