托福分类词汇之地理学.doc

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1、地理学hemisphere半球meridian子午线/经线parallel平行圈latitude纬线longitude经线/经度elevation海拔altitude高度/海拔horizon地平线equator赤道temperaturelatitudes温带地区tropics热带地区Arctic/theNorthPole北极Antarctic/Antarctica南极theAntarcticContinent南极洲theAntarcticCircle南极圈theArcticCircle北极圈aurora极光t

2、ropicsofCancer北回归线tropicsofCapricorn南回归线internationaldateline国际日期变更线timedifference时差timezone时区topography地形/地形学plain平原plateau/highland高地lowland低地basin盆地oasis绿洲enclave飞地peak山峰cordillera/ranges山脉carven/cave洞穴terrain地域subterranean地底下coastland沿海地区coastline海岸线wat

3、ershed分水岭upperreaches上游lowerreaches下游tributary支流deposit沉积spring/fountain泉水iceberg冰山riverbed河床gulf/bay海湾waterfall瀑布cascade小瀑布；喷流reef暗礁tide湖水torrent水的急流tropicalrainforest热带雨林continentalisland大陆岛volcanicisland火山岛coralisland珊瑚岛islet小岛peninsular半岛archipelago群岛de

4、lta三角洲landlockedarea内陆inlandwaterway内陆河subcontinent次大陆cliff山崖valley山谷hillside/mountainslope山坡continentalshelf大陆架canyon/gorge峡谷channel/strait海峡remote-sensing遥感的terrestrial地球的/陆地的terrestrialheat/geothermal地热terrestrialmagnetism地磁continentaldrift大陆漂移学说sea-floo

5、rspreading海床扩展evaporation蒸发salinity含盐度oceanbottom海床sediment沉积物tropical热带的temperate温带的frigid寒带的frostheaving冻胀现象tundra苔原，冻原fieldstone卵石theMediterraneanSea地中海theprimevalforest原始森林Scandinavia斯堪的纳维亚(半岛)(瑞典、挪威、丹麦、冰岛的泛称)fjord峡湾coralreef珊瑚礁Chalk白垩纪cataclysm大洪水ridge

6、山脊；分水岭abyss深渊territory版图；领土；地域Pyrenees比利牛斯山脉Carpathians喀尔巴阡山脉Vesuvius维苏威火山Pompeii庞贝precipice悬崖eon世；纪；代glacier冰河Pangaea盘古大陆dune沙丘Lagoon咸水湖