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1、AustraliaFullName:CommonwealthofAustraliaIGeography:theworld’s6thlargestcountrygenerallydividedintothreeregions:1)theGreatPlateau:avastuplandmadeofancientrock2)theEasternHighlands:betterknownastheGreatdividingRange,Australia’smainwatershed,theGreatBarrierReef(大堡礁),
2、theMurrayRiver(墨累河)—Australia’slongestriver3)theCentralEasternLowlands:thecountry’srichestfarmlandandbestgrazingland,LakeEyre—Australia’slargestlakeMurrayRiverClimate:hotanddryPlants:Eucalypti(桉树)andWattles(金合欢树)Animals:Kangaroos(袋鼠),thelargestnativedesertanimalsNa
3、tionalBird:Lyrebird(琴鸟)Population:about19million,aboriginal(native),immigrantsfromover30countries—mainlyBritishdescentWattlesKangaroosLyrebirdIIHistory:WilliamDampier:anadventureandpirate,thefirstEnglishmantoreachAustraliaJamesCook:anEnglishnavigator,whofinallyputA
4、ustraliaonthemapin1770NationalDay:January26,thedateofthefirstEuropeansettlementofthecontinent(Jan.26,1788)IIIPolitics：Politicaldivisions:sixstatesandtwoterritories1.NewSouthWales(新南威尔士州):thefirstcolonyestablishedbyBritainin1788andtheoldestoneSydney:itscapitalandthe
5、largestcityinAustralia2.Victoria(维多利亚州):thesoutheasterncornerofthemainlandofAustraliaMelbourne(墨尔本):itscapitalandAustralia’ssecondlargestcity,theculturalandsportscenterofthecountry3.Queensland(昆士兰州):thesecondlargestandyoungeststateBrisbane(布里斯班):itscapitalandthegat
6、ewaytoAustralia’smajortouristplaygrounds—theGoldCoastandtheGreatBarrierReef4.SouthAustralia:thethirdlargestinAustralia;Adelaide(阿得雷德):itscapital,internationallyknownforitsartsfestival5.WesternAustralia:thebiggeststate,accountingforonethirdofthecountryPerth(佩思):itsc
7、apital,abeautifulcitywithaperfectclimate6.Tasmania(塔斯马尼亚):thesmalleststate,actuallyonlyanisland7.NorthernTerritory(北部地区):Darwin—theonlycityinthestate8.AustraliaCapitalTerritory(首都直辖区):CanberraisthecapitalofAustraliaGovernment:afederation:athree-tiersystemofgovernme
8、nt:thefederalparliamentandgovernment,sixStateparliamentsandgovernments,about900localgovernmentsBritain’smonarchisalsoAustralia’sandrepresentedbyt
