托福阅读句子简化题真题分析.doc

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1、托福阅读句子简化题真题分析在学会确定句子简化题（简称“句简题”）的核心信息后，我们来做一道来自TPO31的句简题。题目如下：Gravesdrewtwoconclusionsfromtheseobservations.First,atleastsomeoftheobserveddifferencesbetweentheenzymesoftheAtlanticandPacificfishpopulationswerenotrandombutweretheresultofevolutionaryadaptation.Seco

2、nd,itappearsthatcloselyrelatedpopulationsoffishesonbothsidesoftheisthmusarestartingtogeneticallydivergefromeachother.BecauseGraves’sstudyofgeographicallyisolatedpopulationsofisthmusfishesoffersaglimpseofthebeginningofaprocessofgradualaccumulationofmutationsthata

3、reneutraloradaptive,divergencesheremightbeevidenceofallopatricspeciationinprocess.Q12Whichofthesentencebelowbestexpressestheessentialinformationinthehighlightedsentenceinthepassage?Incorrectchoiceschangethemeaninginimportantwaysorleaveoutessentialinformation.A.G

4、raves’sstudyprovidesevidencethatisthmusfishesareintheprocessofbecominggeographicallyisolated.B.Graves’sstudyofmutatingisthmusfishesyieldsresultsthatdifferfromresultsofotherstudiesinvolvingallopatricspeciation.C.Graves’sstudyofisolatedpopulationsofisthmusfishespr

5、ovidessomeevidencethatallopatricspeciationmightbebeginning.D.Graves’sstudyindicatesthatwhenisolated,populationsofisthmusfishesregisterneutraloradaptivemutations.1.首先确定句子核心信息BecauseGraves’sstudyofgeographicallyisolatedpopulationsofisthmusfishesoffersaglimpseofthe

6、beginningofaprocessofgradualaccumulationofmutationsthatareneutraloradaptive,【divergencesheremightbeevidenceofallopatricspeciationinprocess.】词汇：Aglimpseof看见，瞥见Mutation突变，变种Divergence变化，变异Allopatricspeciation异地物种形成2.理解大意该句是由because引导的原因状语从句和方括号内的主句组成的嵌套句，从句的主谓宾已用绿

7、色字体标出，大意为：因为G的研究让人们看到了突变的逐渐累积过程的开始，所以这里的变异可能是正在进行中的异地物种形成的证据。也即是说：G的研究为异地物种形成提供了证据。3.核对选项A．Graves’sstudyprovidesevidencethatisthmusfishesareintheprocessofbecominggeographicallyisolated.A选项主句信息缺失B．Graves’sstudyofmutatingisthmusfishesyieldsresultsthatdifferfromres

8、ultsofotherstudiesinvolvingallopatricspeciation.B选项提到“不同”，而原句未提及C．Graves’sstudyofisolatedpopulationsofisthmusfishesprovidessomeevidencethatallopatricspeciationmightbe