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1、Languagepoints1.Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.Whatisevenmoreimportantisthatastheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearonitssurface.[考点]what引导的主语从句，第一句what在从句中作become的宾语，第二句what在从句中作主语。[考例1]______mat
2、tersmostinlearningEnglishisenoughpractice.(2007全国卷II)A.WhatB.WhyC.WhereD.Which[点拨]本题考查what引导名词性从句的用法。what引导主语从句，在从句中作主语。[考例2]______parentssayanddohasalife-longeffectontheirchildren.(陕西2007)A.ThatB.WhichC.WhatD.As[点拨]what引导主语从句并且在从句中作sayanddo的宾语。2.Theearthbecameso
3、violentthatitwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.1)violent猛烈的，激烈的2)whether可以引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句;而if只能引导宾语从句。引导宾语从句既可以用whether,也可以用if,两者常可以互换。Heaskedmewhether/ifIcouldlendhimmybike.Couldyoutelluswhether/ifitsnowsinwinterinAustralia?值得注意的是：① whether和if都可以和o
4、rnot连用,但是whether之后可以直接跟ornot,而if则不能,如：Idon’tcarewhetherornotyourcarbreaksdown.Idon’tknowwhetherornothe’scoming.但是不可以说：Idon’tcareifornotyourcarbreaksdown.②whether引导的从句一般不可以为否定结构(选择问句的后一部分除外);而if则可以跟否定结构,如:Idon’tcareifshedoesn’tcome.Idon’tcareifitdoesn’train.但是,在某些
5、动词或形容词之后,则可以用whether引导一个否定结构的句子,这种结构往往表示肯定的含义,如：Iwonderwhetherhedoesn’tthinktoomuchofhimself.其意思相当于:Ithinkhedoesthinktoomuchofhimself.③在个别动词之后,如discuss等,只跟用whether引导的宾语从句,如:Theydiscussedwhethertheyshouldclosetheshop.WediscussedwhetherMarycouldjoinus.④ whether可以引导
6、从句作介词的宾语,而if则不能,如：I’mnotinterestedinwhetherthey’llgoornot.⑤ whether可以直接跟动词不定式连用,而if则不能,如:Ididn’tknowwhethertolaughortocry.Shehasn’tdecidedwhethertogoornot.引导主语从句(包括从句在句首的位置)应当用whether,不用if,如：Whetheritistrueremainsaproblem.Whetherhewillcome,Iamnotsure.引导表语从句用wheth
7、er,不用if,如:Thequestioniswhetheryoushouldacceptit.Thequestioniswhetherhewillspeakatthemeeting.引导同位语从句用whether,不用if,如:Thequestionwhetherhe’llattendthemeetingisessential.IamindoubtwhetherIshouldagreetotheplan.(NMET 1996)1._________ we’ll go campingtomorrow depends on
8、 the weather.2.Ihavejustdiscuss________weshouldgivehimenoughhelp.3.Theyhadnoidea________ornot theycouldachievetheirgoals.Whetherwhetherwhether3.Theywereintimet
