高考英语专题八,名词性从句.doc

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1、专题八名词性从句【知识要点】一、在句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句，它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。如：Whetherhewillcomehereornotisunimportanttome.（主语从句）Idon’tknowwhathemeans.（宾语从句）I’mgladthatyouarehere.（宾语从句用在形容词之后）Theteacherissatisfiedwithwhatyouhavedone.（介词宾语从句）Thatwasbecausehewasill.（表语

2、从句）Thenewsthathegotkilledintheracesurprisedusall.（同位语从句）二、引导名词性从句的连接词连接词词义功能that无词义不作成分，只起连接作用whether/if是否不作成分，起连接作用what,which什么，哪个作主语、宾语、表语who,whom,whose谁，谁的作主语、宾语、定语when,where,how,why什么时候/地方，怎么样，为什么作状语howmany/much多少作定语Howsoon/often/long/much多久，多久一

3、次，多长，多么作状语whatever=anythingthat无论什么作主语、宾语、表语、定语whosever=anyonewhose无论谁的作主语、宾语、定语、表语whichever=anythingthat无论哪个作宾语、定语、主语、表语whoever=anyonewho无论谁作主语whomever=anyonewhom无论谁作宾语1.that引导的从句如果作介词宾语只可用在except，in，but，besides等少数介词后。如：IcouldsaynothingbutthatI’msor

4、ry.that引导的从句可作it的同位语从句。如：Youmaydependuponitthatallthegoodswillbedeliveredintime.2.that引导宾语从句时可省略；引导其他名词性从句时，一般不省略，特别是引导主语从句且位于句首时。如：Thattheearthisroundistrue.Thefactthatheisathiefgotaround.注意：下面一句中，第一个that可省略，第二个that不可省略：Hesaid（that）hehadbeenworkin

5、gherefortenyearsandthathewantedtogohome.3.whether与if引导名词性从句时的区别。（1）在引导宾语从句时whether与if可互换，但如果和ornot连用则只用whether。如：Idon’tknowwhetherornothecanstayherelonger.（2）如果宾语从句是否定结构，则用if而不用whether引导。如：HeaskedmeifIwasn’tgoingthere.（3）介词宾语从句只能用whether引导。如：I’mnot

6、interestedinwhetherheisrich.（4）引导主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句一般多用whether。如：Thequestioniswhetheryoucandoityourself.Thequestionwhetherhewillcomeherehimselfisn’tdecidedyet.Whetheritwilldousharmorgoodremainstobeseen.（5）用it作形式主语时，whether或if都可以引导主语从句。如：Itisnotclear

7、tomewhether/ifhelikesthepresent.4.注意what/whatever；who/whoever；which/whichever的区别。试比较下列句子：[来源:学.科.网Z.X.X.K]Whoeverwillgototheconcertpleasesignsyournamehere.=Anyonewhowillgototheconcertpleasesignsyournamehere.Whowillgototheconcertisn’tknown.=It’sunknow

8、nwhowillgototheconcert.Hewon’tbelievewhatevershesays.=Nomatterwhatshesays，hewon’tbelieveher.Whichevertoyyouwantisyours.=Nomatterwhichtoyyouwant，itisyours.5.注意howlong/howsoon/howoften/howmuch的区别。Howlongwillhestayhere?Howsooncanyouberead