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时间:2020-03-14
《初中英语被动语态讲解(整理版).doc》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、【被动语态】(一)语态:英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。 例如:ManypeoplespeakChinese. 谓语:speak的动作是由主语manypeople来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。例如:Chineseisspokenbymanypeople.主语English是动词speak的承受者。(二)被动语态的构成 被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以spe
2、ak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。 一般现在时:am/is/are+spoken 一般过去时:was/were+spoken 一般将来时:will/shallbe+spoken 现在进行时:am/is/arebeing+spoken 过去进行时:was/werebeing+spoken 现在完成时:have/hasbeen+spoken 过去完成时:hadbeen+spoken(四)主动语态变被动语态的方法 (1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 (2)把谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词)(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人
3、称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。 (3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语,将主格改为宾格。例如: Allthepeoplelaughedathim.→ Hewaslaughedatbyallpeople. Theymakethebikesinthefactory.→Thebikesaremadebytheminthefactory. Hecutdownatree.→ Atreewascutdownbyhim.(五)含有情态动词的被动语态 含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时,由“情态动词+be+过去分词
4、”构成 Wecanrepairthiswatchintwodays. →Thiswatchcanberepairedintwodays.二、典型例题()1.TheOlympicGames___________everyfouryears.AareheldBwereheldC.areholdingD.willho1d()2.Intheartshow,alotofenjoyment__toforeignfriendsbytheChinesepaintings.A.isgivingBisgivenCwillgiveDhasgiven()3.To
5、dayChineseisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.It_________in.manyschoolsaroundtheworld.A.teachesB.isteachingC.hastaughtD.istaught()4.BaJin,oneofthegreatestwritersinChina,________as"People'sWriter".A.isregardedB.hasregardedC.isregardingD.regards()5.Usuallycomputers_________tosearcht
6、heInternet.A.useB.areusingC.areusedD.used()6.--Doyouoftencleanyourclassroom?--Yes.Ourclassroom__________everyday.A.cleanB.cleansC.iscleaned()7.一DidyouhearthatwaterinTaiLakesmeltterrible?一Yes.Infact,it____.That'sallbecauseofthepeopleandthefactoriesaround.A.pollutedBwaspollut
7、edChaspollutedD.waspo11ute()8.--Ourenvironmentisgettingworsethanbefore.--You'reright.ButthankstoEarthDay_______,peoplehavedonemoreandmoreusefulthingstoprotect(保护)theearthsinceEarthDay.A.isstartedB.wasstartedC.hasstarted()9.---IfeelveryhappythatI____tobethehost.---Congratula
8、tions!A.chooseB.amchosenC.waschosenD.havenchosen()10.Manytreesandflowers______inou
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