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1、初升高英语衔接精讲精练一、语法精讲第一讲对句子的认识零、基础知识还原1.十大词类名词----------表示人或事物的名称形容词-------表示人或事物的特征副词----------修饰动词、形容词、或其他副词动词----------表示动作或状态代词----------代替名词、数词数词----------表示数量或顺序冠词----------限制名词的意义介词-------表示名词、代词和其他词的关系连词-------连接词与词或句与句感叹词-----表示说话时的感情或语气一、按句子的结构可分三种
2、：1）简单句：只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。e.g.HeoftenreadsEnglishinthemorning.TomandMikeareAmericanboys.2)并列句：由并列连词（and,but,or等）或分号（；）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。e.g.Youhelphimandhehelpsyou.Thefutureisbright;theroadistortuous.前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。3）复合句：含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。复合句包含：名词性从句
3、（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）、定语从句和状语从句等。e.g.TheforeignvisitorstookalotofpictureswhentheywereattheGreatWall.二、简单句的五种类型1.S.（主语）+V（谓语）(+A状语)句型1)Themoonrose.2)Thetrainleavesat7.2.S+V+O（宾语）(+A)句型1)Iknowyourname.2)Youmustputallthetoysupstairs3.S+V+P（表语）句型1)Wearestud
4、ents.2)Wearehungry.3)Wefeelhappy4.S+V+O+OC（宾语补足语）句型1)Theymadehimtheirmonitor.2)Wekeepourclassroomcleanandtidy5.S+V+InO（间接宾语）+DO（直接宾语）句型1）Myfatherboughtmealotofbooks.2）Mygrandmothergavemefiveyuan.3）Mygrandmothergavefiveyuantome.(give,offer,teach,tell,read
5、,ask,bring,pass,lend,return,write,throw,allow,send,costmake,buy,do,get,save,cook,sing,find等词常用这种结构)6练习一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：1.Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.2.Hehandedmethenewspaper.3.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.4.WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!5.Theyw
6、enthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.6.Hisjobistotrainswimmers.7.HetookmanyphotosofthepalacesinBeijing.8.ThereisgoingtobeanAmericanfilmtonight.9.HeistoleaveforShanghaitomorrow.10.Hiswishistobecomeascientist.11.Hemanagedtofinishtheworkintime.12.Tomcametoas
7、kmeforadvice.13.HefounditimportanttomasterEnglish.14.Doyouhaveanythingelsetosay?15.Tobehonest;yourpronunciationisnotsogood.16.Wouldyoupleasetellmeyouraddress?17.Hesatthere,readinganewspaper.18.Itisourdutytokeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.19.Henoticedamanent
8、ertheroom.20.Theapplestastedsweet.五种句子的种类1.陈述句2.疑问句3.祈使句4.感叹句5.Therebe存在句1.陈述句1）Icameherelastnight.2）Heisn’taworker.3)Hehasnobrother.4)Theregoesthebell2.疑问句1)Doyouknowhim?2)Didn’tItellyoutocomeearly?3)Howlongwillyoustayher
