上海交通大学一九九九年秋季博士生入学考试试题.doc

上海交通大学一九九九年秋季博士生入学考试试题.doc

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1、上海交通大学一九九九年秋季博士生入学考试试题PartOne:ListeningComprehension(25points)SectionA:SpotDictationDiruChons:Inthissection,youaregoingtohearapassage.Thepassagewillbereadonlyonce.Fillintheblankswiththewordsyouhearonthetape.Afterthepassage,therewillbe3-minutepause.Duringthepause,youmustwritethewordsontheAnswe

2、rSheet.Now,pleasegetready.Aswegrowupandgrowold,oursocietyoffersusasequenceof(1)age-relatedroles,suchasschoolchild,apprentice,collegestudent,graduate,spouse,(2)executive,andretiree.Variousroleopportunitiesthusopenorclosetousat(3)pointinourpassagefromthecradletothegrave.Inthisconnectionitis(4)t

3、othinkofsocietyascontainingtwofluidstructures:astructureofages,andastructureofroles.The(5)referstothenumberandproportionofpeopleindifferentage(6)-,suchasinfants,themiddleaged,ortheold.Thelatterreferstothenumberandtypesofrolesthatsocietymakes(7)suchasthoseofwarrior,airlinecaptain,orgrandparen

4、t.Boththeagestructureandtherolestructureofasocietyare(8)changing.Everysocietyhastotrytoprovideappropriaterolesforitsmembers,(9)theaged.Inasmallnumberofsocietieswhere(10)areverylimited,therearcfewrolesfortheoldtoplay,andtheymaybe(11)fromthecommunitytodie.TheEskimo,forexample,(12)leftunproducti

5、veoldermemberstoperishinthesnow,and(13)todaytheI3:ofUgandaleavetheoldandtheinfumto(14)todeath.Inmosttraditionalsocieties,however,theagedareaccordedan(15)role,somuchsothatpeoplemaytookforwardtooldage.Theoldtypicallyliveouttheirlivesinalarge(16)familycontainingchildren,grandchildren,andgreat-gr

6、andchildrenTheirlife-long(17)makesthemtherepositoryofwisdominthecommunity,onsubjectsrangingfromfolkloretoreligionto(18).Old19/19mentypicallywieldgreatpoliticalpowerastreadsoffamilies,andtheagedofbothsexesareusually(19)toremainactiveinthecommunityandtoperformsomeformsoflightlaboruntil(2.0)olda

7、ge.SectionB:MultipleChoiceInthissection,youwillhearapassage.Attheearlofthe.passage,youR7lhe&5gtxatiores.Thepassageandthequcahonwtjlbereadonlyonce.Aftereachquesfan,thanewillbeaprose.Dwiftthepauee,youmustreadthefourwedmomsmatedA,B,CandDanddecid

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