资源描述:
《高三语法复习(七)形容词和副词.doc》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、语法复习(七)-----形容词和副词一、形容词1.在名词前做定语,为最常见用法。请注意多个形容词(含其它起形容词作用的词)做前置定语的顺序。"县官行令杀国才。"这一句就概述了形容词顺序问题。即:限(冠词[物主代词、指示代词]数词等)观(描绘)形(大小、形状等)龄(年龄、新旧等)色(色彩)国(国籍、出处等)材(材料、功用等)aheavyblackChinesesilkumbrellaaninterestingEnglishfilmtheman’sfirsttwointerestinglittleredFrenchoilpaintingsaheavyblackChinesesteelumbre
2、lla2.形容词后置(1)一些表语形容词如afraid、alike、alone、asleep、awake、alive等作定语,常置于被修饰词的后面。如Heisthemostfamousscientistaliveintheworldtoday.有些表身体健康状况的形容词如well、ill只作表语。sick既可作表语又可作定语,ill如作定语意为“bad”。(2)形容词在修饰someone,somebody,something,anyone,anybody,anything,nobody,nothing等不定代词时,需要置于其后。Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyo
3、u.(3)else常用作疑问代词和不定代词的后置定语。Whoelsewillgothere?Ihavesomethingelsetodothisevening.3.以ly结尾的形容词有:friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly,brotherly,manly,等4.有些以ly结尾的既为形容词,也为副词:daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,early等.5.某些形容词加上定冠词泛指一类人,谓语用复数.如:thedead,theliving,therich,thepoor,theblind,thehungry等.6.有
4、关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体,谓语用复数.如:theBritish,theEnglish,theFrench,theChinese等7.作表语。一定要注意系动词的出现情况。这是一个高考热点问题。常见系动词有:be变化系动词:become,get,turn,grow,go保持系动词:keep,remain,stay感观系动词:look,smell,taste,feel,sound,appear,seem,proveetc.8.形容词作状语,表状况、原因、结果等。这也是应注意的一点。Hewenttobed,coldandhungry.9.“数词+名词”构成的形容词(1)数词+
5、名词,如atwo-weektour,aten-pagereport等。(2)数词+名词+形容词,如aseven-year-oldboy等。(3)名词(无冠词)+基数词=the+序数词+名词,如Unit6=theSixthUnit二、副词1.形容词变副词的规则词形类别规则例词单音节y结尾的词直接加lyshy—shyly,gay---gaily多音节y结尾的词将y改为i后加lyeasy—easily,heavy—heavily以ue结尾的词去e加lytrue—truly以le结尾的词去e加ygentle—gently,terrible--terribly其他以e结尾的词一律加lynice—ni
6、cely,wise—wisely以ll结尾的词只加yfull—fully以ic结尾的词加allyenergetic—energetically其他形容词均加lycareful--carefully2.几个副词并列作状语时,其顺序较灵活,但一般是:方式→地点→时间。如:WehadagoodtimetogetheroutdoorslastSunday.3.表频率的时间副词是高考的热点always,seldom,often,never,rarely,usually等,通常放于行为动词之前,be动词、情态动词和助动词之后。Heisalwaystellinglies,soIwillneverbeli
7、evehim.4.程度副词一般放在被修饰词之前(但enough除外)Heisveryyoung,soheisnotoldenoughtogotoschool.5.表原意(无-ly)和引申意(有-ly)的副词:deep深wide宽广high高low位置低deeply深入地widely广泛地highly高度地lowly地位卑微close近Don’tsitclose.closely密切地Watchclosely!late晚、迟