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1、Unit5卫忠连GrammarFocusDirectSpeechandIndirectSpeech一字不改的将别人的话加以引用或复述出来，叫直接引语，直接引语须放在括号内。eg.MrBlacksaid,“Ilikeplayingfootball”.（直接引语）Shesaid,“IamanEnglishteacher”.（括号内是直接引语）用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语，间接引语不必用引号，而用宾语从句来表达。Eg.MrBlacksaidthathelikedplayingfootball.(间接引语）Shesaidthatshewas
2、anEnglishteacher.（宾语从句是间接引语）直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，须由连词that来引导（that也可省略），that从句之前用say,tell等动词。但要注意下列各种变化。第一类：直接引语是陈述句人称的变化：eg.Hesaid,“Iwanttoseeyou.”→Hesaidthathewantedtoseeme.Hesaidtome,“I’veleftmybookinyourroom.”→Hetoldmethathehadlefthisbookinmyroom.2.时态的变化：主句中的谓语动词如果是过去时态，
3、直接引语中的谓语动词的时态须有下列变化：一般现在时→一般过去时现在进行时→过去进行时现在完成时→过去完成时一般过去时→过去完成时过去完成时不变一般将来时→过去将来时一般现在时变一般过去时：直接引语间接引语eg.Hesaid,“Iambusy.”Hesaidthathewasbusy.他说：“我很忙”。他说他很忙。Hesaid,“Ican’tdoitmyself.”Hesaidthathecouldn’tdoithimself.他说：“我自己不能做”。他说他自己不能做。直接引语如果是客观真理，一般现在时则不变eg.Hesaid,“Light
4、travelsmuchfasterthansound.”→Hesaidthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.现在进行时变过去进行时：eg.Hesaid,“I’mreadingthebook.”他说：“我正在读这本书。”→Hesaidthathewasreadingthebook.他说他正在读那本书。Shesaid,“We’rehavingameeting.”她说：“我们正在开会。”→Shesaidtheywerehavingameeting.她说她们正在开会。现在完成时变过去完成时：eg.Shesaid,
5、“IhavenotheardfromhimsinceMay.她说：“从五月份起就没有接到他的任何休息。”→ShesaidthatshehadnotheardfromhimsinceMay.她说自五月份起就没有接到过他的任何休息。一般过去时变过去完成时：eg.Hesaid,“Icametohelpyou.”他说：“我曾到这里来帮过你的。”→Hesaidthathehadcometohelpme.他说他曾经来帮过我。Shesaidtome,“Isawthefilm.”她对我说：“我看过这个影片.”→Shetoldmethatshehadsee
6、nthefilm.她告诉我她看过这个影片。过去完成时不变eg.Hesaid,“Ihadfinishedmyhomeworkbeforesupper.”他说：“晚饭前我就把作业完成了。”→Hesaidthathehadfinishedhishomeworkbeforesupper.他说他晚饭前就已经把作业完成了。.一般将来时变过去将来时：eg.Shesaid,“I’lldoitafterclass.”她说：“我将在课后来做。”→Shesaidthatshewoulddoitafterclass.她说她将在课后做。Hesaid,“Iwillh
7、elpher.”→Hesaidhewouldhelpher.3.指示代词、时间状语、地点状语的变化1.this→that2.these→those3.now→then4.today→thatday5.yesterday→thedaybefore6.tomorrow→thenext(following)day7.here→there8.come→go9.Thisweek(month,year)→thatweek(month,year)10.nextweek(month,year)→thenextweek(month,year)11.thre
8、edays(weeks,months,years,hours,…)ago→threedays(weeks,months,years,hours,…)before12.lastweek(mont
