光的偏振和晶体光学基础.ppt

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1、EBk第六章光的偏振和晶体光学基础6.3.2椭圆偏振光的产生和波片WaveplatePolarizerPolarizer1.椭圆偏振光(包括园偏光）产生的途径分析2．波片(1)波片的概念基本功能是：在已知的两个正交本征偏振方向上，对入射的偏振光引入特定的附加位相差。ddThicknessofwaveplatesWhenawaveplatehaslessthan2prelativephasedelay,wesayit’sazero-orderwaveplate.Unfortunately,theytendtobeverythin.Solvefordtofi

2、ndthethicknessofazero-orderquarter-waveplate:Usinggreenlightat500nmandquartz,whoserefractiveindicesarene–no=1.5534–1.5443=0.0091,wefind:Thisissothinthatitisveryfragileandverydifficulttomanufacture.dd=13.7mmMulti-orderwaveplatesAmulti-orderwaveplatehasmorethan2prelativephasedelay.We

3、candesignatwentieth-orderquarter-waveplatewith20¼wavesofrelativephasedelay,insteadofjust¼:Thisisthicker,butit’snow41timesmorewavelengthdependent!It’salsotemperaturedependentdueton’sdependenceontemperature.dd=561mm波片的色差d消色差波片d(2)几种常用的单块式波片d波片的“快轴”和“慢轴”方向(3)附加位相差可调节的波片－补偿器(a)巴比内补偿器(b

4、)索列尔补偿器TheBabinetCompensatorrotatespolarizationbyanarbitraryamount.Topwedgeiscutwithfastandslowaxesoppositetothoseofbottomwedge.Slideonewedgewithrespecttotheother,changingd1and/ord2.Inpractice,thetwowedgesarecontacted.TopwedgeBottomwedgeInputbeamd2OpticaxesxyzOutputbeamd1d1TheBabin

5、etCompensatorrotatespolarizationbyanarbitraryamount.Topwedgeiscutwith"fast"and"slow"axescutoppositetothoseofbottomwedge.Slideonewedgewithrespecttotheother,changingd1and/ord2.[Notethatthismotiondoesn'tdisplacethebeam!]InputbeamTopwedgeBottomwedge3.波片对偏振光作用的矩阵表示（1）波片的琼斯(Jones)矩阵λ/4波片

6、将线偏光转变成圆偏振光圆起偏器两种圆起偏器光路（a)右旋圆起偏器（b)左旋圆起偏器CircularpolarizersAcircularpolarizermakescircularlypolarizedlightbyfirstlinearlypolarizingitandthenrotatingittocircular.ThisinvolvesalinearpolarizerfollowedbyaquarterwaveplateUnpolarizedinputlightCircularlypolarizedlightQWP45°Polarizer45°pol

7、arizedlightQuarterwaveplate(QWP)±45°PolarizerAdditionalQWPandlinearpolarizercompriseacircular"analyzer."45°PolarizerQWP-45°polarizedlightλ/4片把椭圆偏振光转变成线偏光λ/4片把椭圆偏振光转变成线偏光λ/4波片将圆偏振光转变成线偏光圆检偏器两种圆检偏器光路（a)右旋圆检偏器（b)左旋圆检偏器重要结论②λ/2波片的Jones矩阵及应用(a)改变线偏光振动方向Half-waveplateIftheincidentpolariz

8、ationis+45°totheprincipala