计算机英语 教学课件 作者 杨芸 主编 杨 蕾 李连弟 副主编unit15.ppt

《计算机英语 教学课件 作者 杨芸 主编 杨 蕾 李连弟 副主编unit15.ppt》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、UnitFifteenWhatisAIWhatisAIIntroductionAIisarelativelynewdiscipline(borninthemiddleofthe20thcentury).Itisincreasinglyfrequentlymentionedinnewspapers，magazines，onTV，infilms，andinvariouskindsofcomputerentertainments，yetitisnotwidelyunderstood.Somepeopleev

2、enfoolishlythinkithasalreadyfailedandbeenabandoned，whereasinfactitissteadilygrowinginacademeandindustry，thoughtheworkisnotalwayslabeledas“ArtificialIntelligence”.Thatisbecausesomeoftheimportantideasandtechniqueshavebeenabsorbedintosoftwareengineering.It

3、isnowclearthatanewkindofscienceisrequiredforthestudyoftheprinciplesbywhich（1）knowledgeisacquiredandused，（2）goalsaregeneratedandachieved，（3）informationiscommunicated，（4）collaborationisachieved，（5）conceptsareformed，（6）languagesaredeveloped.Wecouldcallitth

4、escienceofknowledgeorthescienceofintelligence.ThisiswhatAIisabout.Notonlyartificialsystems，butalsohumanbeingsandmanylivingorganismsacquire，manipulate，store，useandtransmitinformation.Theyarealsodrivenorcontrolledbyit：e.g.madehappybypraise，madesadbybadnew

5、s，madeafraidbynoisesinthedark，madejealousbyseeingthebehaviororpossessionsofothers，andsoon.FromthisstandpointitisnotsurprisingthatinrecentyearsthestudyofemotionshasbeengrowinginimportanceinAI.SoAI，despiteitsunfortunatename，isaboutnaturalinformationproces

6、singsystemsaswellasartificialsystems，andnotjustabouthowtheyperceivelearnandthink，butalsoaboutwhattheywantandhowtheyfeel.Ithasalreadyhadaprofoundimpactonthestudyofhumanminds.AIOverlapswithseveralotherdisciplinesIfweconstrueAIinthisway(asstudyinghowinform

7、ationisacquired，processed，stored，used，etc.inintelligentanimalsandmachines)thenitobviouslyoverlapswithseveralolderdisciplines，including，forinstance，psychology，neuroscience，philosophy，logic，andlinguistics.WhatisnewinAIisthatthedevelopmentofcomputershasgiv

8、enusnewwaysofinvestigatingtheproblems.Previouslypsychologistsandbrainscientistscouldonlyobserveanddoexperimentsonexistinginformationprocessingsystems，suchashumanbeingsandotheranimals;andphilosopherscouldonlytheorizeintheabstracta