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1、八、词句猜测——句意理解题(2018·扬州一模)Competitionisanideology(意识形态)thatspreadsalloveroursocietyandmisleadsourthinking.Butitmeansnoprofitsforanybody，nomeaningfuldifferentiation，andastruggleforsurvival.Weadvocatecompetition，seeitasnecessary，andsetitslaws；andasaresult，wetrapourselveswithinit—themorewe

2、compete，thelesswegain.Oureducationalsystembothdrivesandreflectsourcrazeforcompetition.Gradesaloneareprecisemeasurementofeachstudent’scompetitiveness；pupilswiththehighestmarksreceivestatusandcredits.Anditgetsworseasstudentsrisetohigherlevelsofthetournament.Highereducationistheplacewher

3、epeoplewhohadbigplansinhighschoolgetstuckinfiercecompetitionwithequallysmartpeersoverconventionalcareerslikemanagementconsultingandinvestmentbanking.Fortheprivilegeofbeingturningintoconformists(顺从者)，students(ortheirfamilies)payhundredsofthousandsofdollarsinrapidlyrisingtuition.Whyarew

4、edoingthistoourselves?IwishIhadaskedmyselfwhenIwasyounger.Mypathwassotrackedthatinmy8th-gradeyearbook，oneofmyfriendspredicted—accurately—thatfouryearslaterIwouldenterStanford.AndIenrolledatStanfordLawSchool，whereIcompetedevenharderforthestandardbadges(徽章)ofsuccess.Thehighestprizeinala

5、wstudent’sworldisunambiguous：theSupremeCourtclerkship.Iwassoclosetowinning19thislastcompetition.IfonlyIgottheclerkship，Ithought，Iwouldbesetforlife.ButIdidn’t.Atthetime，Iwasfrustrated.In2004，afterIhadbuiltandsoldPayPal，Iranintoanoldfriendwhohadhelpedmeprepareformyfailedclerkshipapplica

6、tions.Wehadn’tspokeninnearlyadecade.Hisfirstwordstomewerenot“HiPeter”or“Howareyoudoing？”Butrather，“So，aren’tyougladyoudidn’tgetthatclerkship？”BecauseifIhadn’tlostthatlastcompetition，webothknewthatIneverwouldhaveleftthetracklaiddownsincemiddleschool.HadIactuallyclerkedontheSupremeCourt

7、，Iprobablywouldhavespentmyentirecareertakingdepositionsordraftingotherpeople’sbusinessdealsinsteadofcreatinganythingnew.It’shardtosayhowmuchwouldbedifferent，buttheopportunitycostswereenormous.Lookingbackatmyambitiontobecomealawyer，itlookslesslikeaplanforthefutureandmorelikeanexcusefor

8、thepr