英汉对照图示基础工程学第二章 土力学.doc

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1、第二章土力学Chapter2Soilmechanics21.Conceptsinfoundationengineering基础工程中的一些概念soilmechanics土力学engineeringgeology工程地质学foundationengineering基础工程学theory理论experience经验22.Descriptionofsoilproperties土性质的描述indexproperties指数性质soilclassification土分类stresscondition应力条件permeability渗透性def

2、ormationproperty变形特性shearstrength抗剪强度watercontent含水量voidratio孔隙比unitweight容重23.Definitionofgeotechnicalterms岩土工程术语的定义voidratio孔隙比porosity孔隙率watercontent含水量unitweight容重dryunitweight干容重unitweightofsolid固体容重specificgravity比重degreeofsaturation[,sætʃə'reiʃən]饱和度gas气体water水s

3、olid固体24.Determinationofgrainsizedistribution粒径大小分布的测定grainsize粒径percentfiner小于某一粒径颗粒的累计百分数hydrometeranalysis液体比重计分析sieveanalysis筛分sand砂土effectivegrainsize有效粒径coefficientofuniformity均匀系数wellgraded级配良好uniformlygraded级配均匀9/9poorlysorted不良分选poorlygraded级配不良clay粘土silt粉土san

4、d砂土gravel砾石25.Plasticityofsoils土的塑性plasticityindex塑性指数shrinkagelimit收缩界限plasticlimit塑限liquidlimit液限watercontent含水量26.Plasticitychart塑性图liquidlimit液限lowplasticity低塑性mediumplasticity中等塑性highplasticity高塑性A-lineA-线clay粘土silt粉土plasticityindex塑性指数semisolid半固体volume体积27.Disti

5、nctionbetweenclayandsilt粘土和粉土的区别plasticity塑性settlementrate沉降速率dilatancy[dai'leitənsi]剪胀性drystrength干强度settlements沉降suspension[sə'spenʃən]悬浮28.Structureofclay粘土的结构dispersed[di'spə:st]分散flocculated['flɔkjuleitid]絮凝positivecharge正电荷negativecharge负电荷29.StandardProctorcompa

6、ctiontest标准普洛克脱击实试验dryunitweight干容重drydensity干密度maximumdrydensity最大干密度9/9saturated饱和optimumwatercontent最佳含水量watercontent含水量30.Proctorcompactiontests普洛克脱击实试验standardProctortest标准普氏试验modifiedProctortest修正普氏试验blows击数layer层31.Compactioncurves压实曲线clay粘土silt粉土sand砂土till冰碛土st

7、andard标准modified修正watercontent含水量drydensity干密度32.Unifiedsoilclassificationsystem土的统一分类体系gravel砾石sand砂土silt粉土clay粘土organic有机peat泥炭wellgraded级配良好poorlygraded级配不良silty粉质clayey粘质lowplasticity低塑性highplasticity高塑性ML低塑性粉土CL低塑性粘土OL低塑性有机土MH高塑性粉土CH高塑性粘土OH高塑性有机土liquidlimit液限33.Tr

8、ipartite[,trai'pɑ:tait]soilclassificationchart土分类的三角坐标图percent百分比clay粘粒9/9sand砂粒silt粉粒particlesize粒径34.BritishStandar