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1、3DprintingrevealsthepowerofsharkskinByJonathanWebbSciencereporter,BBCNewsTheprintedreplicaincludedtough"denticles"embeddedinasmooth,flexiblemembraneContinuereadingthemainstoryScientistshaveuseda3D-printedmodelofsharkskintoshowhowtooth-likescaleshelpthepredatorstocruiseefficiently.Viewedupc
2、lose,ashark'sskinbristleswithtinyteethor"denticles"whichaidswimming.Engineershavetriedtomimictheroughnessofsharkskinwhendesigningswimsuitsandevenracingcars.Butthedenticleshaveneverbeensowellreproducedbefore,saysareport intheJournalofExperimentalBiology.Perhapscounter-intuitively,creatingtu
3、rbulenceneartheedgeofamovingobjectcanreducedrag.Inthisway,thedenticlesactlikethedimplesonagolfball.Now,researchershavealsoseenthemalterspecificcurrentsthathelppropelthesharkthroughwater.GeorgeLauderandhiscolleaguestookadetailedscanofatinysquareofskinfromamakoshark,andbuilta3Dmodelofasingle
4、denticlejust0.15mmlong.Thechallengewasthentomanufactureasyntheticskin,withthousandsofthesedenticlesembeddedinasmooth,flexiblemembrane."Ittookusaboutayear,"saidProfLauder,ofHarvardUniversity.Firsttheteammadeadetailed3Dmodelofasingledenticle3Dprintingbuildsupnewobjectslayer-by-layer,followin
5、gacomputer-generateddesign.Toprintthesharkskin,thescientistshadtousetwodifferentmaterialsforthehard,tooth-likestructuresandfortheflexiblebase-muchlikethedifferentcolouredinksusedtoprintapicture.Theparticularshapeofthedenticlesalsoposeddifficulties:"Becausethey'reoverhung,the3Dprintershavet
6、oprintasupportingmaterial,whichyouthenhavetoremove,"ProfLaudertoldtheBBC."Ittookawhiletoworkoutallthetricks."TheartificialskinhasimpressedOliverCrimmen,afishexpertattheNaturalHistoryMuseumwhohaspreviouslyadvisedSpeedoonswimsuitdesign."Iusedtothink,howonearthwouldyoumimicthatcomplexstructur
7、eaccurately?"hesaid."3Dprintingisit-whatamarvellousapplicationforit."Becausetheresolutionofeventhelatest3Dprintersislimited,theartificialdenticlesareabout10timeslargerthantherealonesseenontheskinofamakoshark.Nonetheless,whentheteamstuckthenewartificialskinonto
