高中英语：Unit 4 Astronomy Grammar（新人教必修3）.doc

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1、高一英语同步练习：必修3Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars第3课时Grammar基础练习一.语法知识：主语从句：做主语用的名词性从句，因其在复合句中做主语，又称主语从句，引导主语从句的有从属连词that,whether，连接代词who,what,which，连接副词when,where,how,why等。1..连接词：1）从属连词：that，whether等.that引导主语从句只起引导作用，本身无实际意义，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，但不能省略。Thatshel

2、efthimcuthimtotheheart.Thathewillcomeiscertain由whether及其他连词引导的主语从句放在句首，句后都可。Whetheritwillpleasethemisnoteasytosay.Whethershe’scomingornotdoesn’tmattertoomuch.2)连接代词who，what，which,whatever,whichever,whoeverWhatseemseasytosomepeopleseemsdifficulttoothers

3、.Whichsidewillwinisnotclear.3)连接副词when，where，how，why等。Whyhediditremainsamystery.Whentheywillstartisnotknownyet.Howhebecameagreatscientistisknowntousall.2.位置：主语从句可以前置，也可以后置。用it做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末，常用下面几种句型。1）It+be+表语+主语从句表语：（名词,形容词,过去分词）Itisapitythatwecan’t

4、go.Itisnosurprisethatourteamshouldhavewonthegame.6ItisanhonourthatIwasinvitedtoattendthemeeting.Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.ItistruethatItoldhereverything.ItissaidthatMr.GreenhasarrivedinBeijing.ItisreportedthatChinahassentanothermanmadeearth

5、satelliteintoorbit.2）It+不及物动词或短语+主语从句Itseemed(happened,doesn’tmatter,hasturnedout)that…Ithappensthattheywereabsent.ItseemsthatAliceisnotcomingtothepartyatall.Itdoesn’tmatterwhethershewillcomeornot.Itmakesnodifferencewhereweshallhavethemeeting.3)It+及物动词

6、（被动语态）+主语从句IthasbeendecidedthattheexhibitionwillnotopenonSundays.注意:1）主语从句在句首时，必须由连接词引导，不能省略这些连接词；但是如果用it做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，从属连词that可以省略。误：Theyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural.正：Thattheyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural.正：Itisnaturalthattheyshouldlikeeachother.2

7、)如果主语从句放在句首，不能用if引导，但是如果用it做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，也可以用if引导.误：IfMaryreallyheardhimisreallydoubtful.正：ItwasdoubtfulifMaryreallyheardhim.Ⅱ．从文章中找出以下主语从句并试着分析：1).Whatitwastobecomewasamysteryuntilthedustbegantoslowlycombineintoaballmovingaroundthesun.2).…becausei

8、twasnotclearwhetherthesolidshapewastolastornot.3).Whatscientiststhinkisthattheearthwasdifferentbecauseof…4).Whetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependon…6实战演练一．用正确的连接词完成下列句子：1._____theuniverseislikehasattractedS