学生选课信息管理系统(第五组).docx

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1、数据库原理与应用系统设计题目学生选课信息系统组员王一中、向启源、叶晨、王力班级14物联网工程班学院电子信息工程学院指导老师喻剑平2016年11月18日任务分配表第五组学号姓名负责部分成绩组长王一中系统总体设计、文档审阅组员向启源编写设计报告叶晨制作PPT答辩、文档排版王力需求分析目录第一章绪论··················································2第二章数据库需求分析········································21.功能分析··························

2、······················32.性能分析················································33.系统的非功能性需求······································3第三章数据库概念设计········································31.概念结构················································32.数据字典·········································

3、·······43.E-R图分析···············································5第四章数据库逻辑结构设计····································71.学生关系模型············································72.教师关系模型············································73.教室关系模型············································74.选课关系模型·

4、···········································85.学生成绩关系模型········································8第五章数据库实施阶段········································91.建立数据库··············································92.创建表··················································9第六章数据库运行和维护··············

5、························101.导入数据，完善5个表····································102.进行相关操作············································103.数据库安全设置··········································124.数据库的维护············································125.检测并改善数据库性能································

6、····126.重新组织和构造数据库····································13总结························································14第一章绪论随着高校的多样全面发展，学生的人数和课程的种类急速增加，传统的选课管理模式已经无法满足当前的实际需求，学生选课作为一种信息资源的集散地，包含很多的信息数据的管理。由于数据繁多，容易丢失，且不易查找。并且数据处理手工操作工作量大，出错率高，出错后不易更改，造成各种不便，总的来说缺乏系统，规范的信息管理手段。尽管有的学校有

7、计算机，但是尚未用于信息管理，没有发挥它的效力，资源闲置比较突出。数据库作为存取数据并对数据进行操作的工具在系统中所起到的作用至关重要。数据库设计是指对于一个给定的应用环境，构造优化的数据库逻辑模式和物理模式结果，并据此建立数据库及其应用系统，使之能有效地存储和管理数据，满足应用需求，包括信息管理要求和数据操作。信息管理要求是指在数据库中应该存储和管理哪些数据对象；数据操作要求是指对数据对象进行哪些操作，如查询、增、删、改、统计等操作。数据库设计的目标是为用户和各种应用系统提供的一个信息基础设施和高效率地运行环境。高效率的运行环境包括：数据库数据的存取速率

8、、数据库存储空间的利用率、数据库系统运行管理的效率等都是高的。基于