语法专题之非谓语动词.doc

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1、语法专题之非谓语动词(二)不定式、动名词和分词。一、动词不定式的常考考点：1．不定式的结构：肯定todo否定nottodo特殊疑问词+todo(whatsbcandosth)Cathydoesn’tknowwheretogotomorrow=Cathydoesn’tknowwhereshecangotomorrow.2.不定式的用法：（1）做主语TolearnEnglishisnoteasyforChinesestudents.=It’snoteasyforChinesestudentstolearnEnglish.(2)做表语Theteacher’sjobisto

2、teachthestudents.（3）做宾语.常见的动词有：ask,decide,know,want,try,need等Weliketofightforourfuture.(4)做宾补。常见的有：ask/tell/ordersb.todosthask/tell/ordersb.nottodosthTheteacherasksusnottospeakinclass.注意：make/let/have+sb+do.(必须省to)Theboyoftenmakeshislittlesisterlaugh.(5)做定语。常见的有：havesthtodo有-----要做agoo

3、dplace/timetodosth做----的好地方/时间thefirst/second/thirdtodosth第一个/二个做----的---Ihavenothingtosay.注意：不定式做定语与被修饰的名词或代词之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，所以如果不定式是不及物动词，则要加上相应的介词。Iwantapentowritewith.(6)做状语，表示目的状语。MyfatherwillgotoBeijingtodosomebusiness.表示原因状语。主语+be+adj.+(forsb.)+todosth。TomTangiseasyforustostaywith.

4、注意：不定式做原因状语与句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，所以如果不定式是不及物动词，则要加上相应的介词。Theballiseasyforchildrentoplaywith.3.动词不定式省to的情况：（1）Whynot+do…?=Whydon’tyou…?为什么不------？(2)hadbetter+(not)+do+…?最好做（不做）某事(3)wouldrather+do+…?宁愿做…(4)Could/Can/Would/Will/youplease+(not)+dosth…?请做（不要）做…好吗？(5)使役动词和感官动词省to的：一感：feel二听：hear

5、,listento三使：make,let,have四看：see,watch,notice,look注意：主动语态中要省to，而被动语态中则要加to.Tinaoftenmakeshersisterdohousework,butsometimesshewasmadetodoitbyhersister.4．常用不定式的句型：（1）too+adj./adv.+(forsb.)+todo：太…而不能…(2)adj./adv.+enough+(forsb.)+todo：足够…可以做…(3)It+is/was+adj.+forsb.+todosth：对…来说做…很…(4)It’s

6、one’sturntodosth：该轮到某人做某事了(5)It’stimetodosth：该做…的时间了(6)Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.：花了某人多少时间做某事二．V-ing/not+V-ing.------动名词1.用法：（1）做主语Walkingisagoodwaytoexercisefortheold.(2)做表语。Myfavoritesportsisplayingsoccerball.(3)做宾语。做动词的宾语，常见的动词有：完成实践值得忙：finishpracticebeworthbebusy继续习惯别放弃：keeponbe/ge

7、tusedtogiveup考虑建议不禁想：considersuggestcan’thelpdoingfeellike喜欢思念要介意：enjoymissmindconsider另外：spend……doing…：花时间做某事havefundoing：做…很开心havesomeproblems/trouble/difficultiesdoing：做…有问题/麻烦/困难haveahardtimedoing：做…很艰难介词+V-ing(4)做定语：表示用途，所属等。Heisinthelivingroom.Weneedtogetadrivinglicense.三．分词1．分