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1、名词性从句之连词篇在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句。根据其在句中的不同语法功能,名词性从句可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。引导名词性从句的有:连词that,whether,if,because;连接代词what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which和连接副词when,where,how,why等。高考对名词性从句的考查主要体现在连接词的选择上,我们一起来看下面几组连接词的用法区别。1.if与whether:在引导宾语从句时,两者常可互换;但在
2、引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时只能用whether。如:1)Iwonderwhetherthesportsmeetingwillbeheldasplannednextweek.(whether引导的宾语从句,可用if代替。)2)Whetherthesportsmeetingwillbeheldasplannednextweekdependsontheweather.(whether引导的是主语从句,不能用if代替。)2.whether,if与that:在引导名词性从句时,whether和if含有
3、疑问、不确定的意义,而that表示肯定、确定的含义。如:1)Thereisstilldoubtwhethertheexperimentwillbeasuccess.(doubt用于肯定句时,后接whether引导的同位语从句。)2)Thereisnodoubtthattheexperimentwillbeagreatsuccess.(doubt用于否定句时,后接that引导的同位语从句。)3.that与what:that是连词,在名词性从句中只起连接作用,不作任何成分;what是连接代词,在从句中可作
4、主语、宾语、表语等。如:1)Whattheyhaveincommonisthattheyareallfondofsports.(what引导的是主语从句,并在从句中作have的宾语;that引导的是表语从句,在从句中不充当任何成分。)2)Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthatschool.Itisnolongerwhatitwas20yearsago.(what引导表语从句,并在从句中作表语。)4.who,what,which,when,how,where与whoever,w
5、hatever,whichever,whenever,however,wherever:前一组在引导名词性从句时都含有疑问意义,而后一组则没有。此外,后一组在引导名词性从句时相当于名词或代词后加上一个定语从句,如whoever相当于anyonewho,whatever相当于anythingthat。如:1)Idon’tknowwhohasbeeninvitedtotheball.2)Sarahhopestobecomeafriendofwhoeversharesherinterests.5.whoev
6、er,whatever,whichever,whenever,however,wherever与nomatterwho,nomatterwhat,nomatterwhich,nomatterwhen,nomatterhow,nomatterwhere:前一组可引导名词性从句,而后一组则不能;但在引导让步状语从句时两组常可互换。如:1)Whoeverbreaksthelawshallbepunished.(Whoever不能用Nomatterwho代替。)2)Whoeveryouare,youshall
7、obeythelaw.(Whoever可用Nomatterwho代替。)