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1、主谓一致主谓一致考查的重点:三条原则:语法一致,意义一致和就近一致。语法一致原则:主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词用复数形式。意义一致原则:主语形式为单数而意义上是复数,谓语动词用复数。主语形式为复数而意义上是单数,谓语动词用单数。就近一致原则:在英语句子中,有时谓语动词的人称和数与最近的主语保持一致。解题方法:分析句子,找准句子主语,判断句子主语究竟是单数还是复数。(一)语法一致原则1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。
2、如:Hisfatherisworkingonthefarm.TostudyEnglishwellisnoteasy.Whathesaidisveryimportantforusall.Readinginthesunisbadforyoureyes.Thechildrenwereintheclassroomtwohoursago.注意:由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式,但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时,主句的谓语动词用复数形式。如:WhatIboughtwerethreeEnglis
3、hbooks.WhatIsayanddoarehelpfultoyou.2、由连接词and或both…and连接起来的合成主语后面,要用复数形式的谓语动词。如:SheandIareclassmates.Theboyandthegirlweresurprisedwhentheyheardthenews.BothsheandheareYoungPioneers.注意:若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时,它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。如:Thewriterandartisthascome.Thewriterandtheartist
4、havecome.3、主语为单数名词或代词,尽管后面跟有aswellas,with,togetherwith,alongwith,ratherthan,except,besides,but,like,unlike,including等引起的短语,谓语动词仍用单数形式;若主语为复数,谓语用复数形式。如:MrGreen,togetherwithhiswifeandchildren,hascometoChina.NobodybutJimandMikewasontheplayground.She,likeyouandTom,isveryta
5、ll.manya/each/every
either/neither
morethanone+单数名词-----谓语单数4、如:Manyastudenthasseenthefilm.Neitherstoryistrue.Eitheriscorrect.Morethanonestudenthasseenthefilm.注意:当each放在主语后作同位语时,谓语动词用复数如:Theyeachhaveadictionary.=Eachofthemhasadictionary.each
neither
either+of+the+复数名词或
6、代词-----谓语单数Eachofthefootballers___over150pounds.A.weighB.weighsC.weightsD.wereevery
each
no
manyaevery
each
no
manya
+名词单数
作主语
------谓语单数+名词单数+and+(08陕西15)—Didyougototheshowlastnight?—Yeah.Everyboyandeachgirlinthearea____invited.A.wereB.havebeenC.hasbeenD.was5、由some
7、,any,no,every+onethingbody作主语,谓语动词用单数Nothingbutonedeskandsixchairs_______intheroom.A.areB.isstayedC.isD.has6、在定语从句时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。注意:在“oneof+复数名词+who/that/which”引导的从句结构中,关系代词who/that/which的先行词是靠近它的复数名词而不是one,因此,从中的动词应该是复数形式.但是当one之前有thetheonly等修饰语时,关系代词的先行词是on
8、e,而不是靠近它的复数名词,因此从句的动词应是单数形式。如:Heisoneofmyfriendswhoareworkinghard.Heistheonlyoneofmyfriendswhoisworkinghard.7、由“aloto