资源描述:
《高一定语从句讲解ppt.ppt》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、GrammarAttributiveclause一、定语从句的三个概念:1.定语从句:用来做定语的句子叫定语从句。2.关系词:引出定语从句的词叫关系词。3.先行词:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。二、关系词在从句中的作用:1.引导定语从句;2.关系词本身没有词义,代替先行词的词义;3.必须充当定语从句中的一个成分.**根据在定语从句中所充当的成分将引导定语从句的关系词分为:关系代词和关系副词。三.关系词的用法:(一)引导定语从句的关系代词有:who,whom,whose,that,which,as。在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语(wh
2、ose)等成分。1.先行词是人时的情况:1)先行词是人,从句中缺少主语时,用who或that作从句的主语。e.g.Ihaveafriendwho/thatlikeslisteningtoclassicmusic.我有一个喜欢听古典音乐的朋友。注意定语从句的翻译!2)先行词是人,从句中缺动词宾语或介词宾语时,用whom,who或that。e.g.Sheisthegirlwhom/who/thatImetatthemeeting.她是那个我在会议上遇到的女孩。e.g.Hewantstoreturnthebooktothegirlwhom/who/tha
3、thecaresfor.他想把书还给那个他喜欢的女孩子。*I.当先行词是one,ones,anybody,anyone,all,none,those等,指人时一般用who,不用that。e.g.Thosewhowanttogotothecinemawillhavetowaitatthegateoftheschool.想去看电影的人必须在校门口等。II.在以疑问词who开头的句子中,或关系代词在从句中作表语时,用that,不用who。e.g.Whoisthemanthatisshoutingthere?正在那边叫喊的那个人是谁?e.g.Sheisno
4、tthegirlthatsheusedtobe.她已经不是过去的她了。2.先行词是物时的情况:1)先行词是物,从句中缺少主语时,用that,which。e.g.You’dbetternotdrinkwaterwhich/thathasnotbeenboiled.你最好不要喝没开的水。2)先行词是物,从句中缺少动词宾语或介词宾语时,用which或that。e.g.Finallythethiefhandedthemoneywhich/thathestoletothepolice.最后小偷把他偷的钱交给了警察。e.g.Thisisthehousewhic
5、h/thatonceLuXunlivedin.这是鲁迅曾经居住过的房子。3.下列情况下,最好用that引导定语从句:1)先行词是不定代词,如all,little,few,much,anything,everything,nothing,none,some等。e.g.Isthereanythingthatyouwant?2)先行词被all,every,no,some,little,few,much,oneof,theonly,thevery,theright等所修饰时。e.g.Theonlythingthatherememberedwashernam
6、e.他唯一记得的东西是她的名字。3)先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。e.g.ThisisthefirstfilmthatI’veseensinceIcamehere.这是我来到这里以来看的第一部电影。4)先行词中既有人又有物时。e.g.Theytalkedabouttheteachersandthethingsthattheyrememberedintheschool.他们谈论了他们所记得的学校里的老师和一些事情。4.关系代词作宾语时的特别情况:关系代词作宾语时通常可省略。但是当作介词的宾语且介词提前到定语从句句首时,不能省略,要根据先行词的
7、内容选择whom和which,即构成介词+whom/which的结构。*介词后面不可用that!**介词可提前的情况:固定搭配和非固定搭配Theartist___thejudgegaveaprizeistheteacher___Ihavebeentaughtpaintingfortwoyears.fromwhom;bywhomtowhom;whofrom;whotowhom;bywhomD2.Thejourneyaroundtheworldtooktheoldsailorninemonths,___thesailingtimewas226days.
8、ofwhichB.duringwhichC.fromwhichD.forwhichB3.-Whydoesshealways