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1、Narrationnarration叙述文description描写文exposition说明文argumentation议论文EnglishWritingStylesWhatisnarration?Atitssimplest,narrationisthetellingofastory,whichinvolvescharactersandongoingactions.Tonarrateistogiveanaccountofwhathappenedorishappening.Itattemptstorecreateeventssothatthereadermayvicar
2、iously(替代地)sharetheexperienceTwoTypesofNarrationLiterarynarrativeisusuallyfictitious,foundabundantlyinliterarycreationssuchasanecdotes,talesandfables,romances,shortstories,novels,andstoriesinverse.TwoTypesofNarrationExpositorynarrativeisthefactualaccountofevents,includinghistory,biograph
3、y,travels,newsreportsandjournals.Thewaystonarrateinsequenceoftime顺叙flashback倒叙narrationinterspersedwithflashbacks插叙narrationinterspersedwithcomment）夹叙夹议TheelementsofanarrativeSettingPlotAtmosphereConflictPointofViewCharacterization1.1Setting背景Thetimeandplaceinwhichtheeventsofastorytakepl
4、ace.Cultural,social,physicalcontextofastory.2.Plot情节thesequenceofeventsthattakeplaceinastory3Characterization人物的刻画Themethodsusedtopresentthepersonalityofacharacterinanarrative.Direct---theauthordescribesthecharacter.Indirect---thereaderjudgeswhatthecharacterislikebasedonwhattheysayordo,o
5、rwhatothercharacterssayaboutthem.4Atmosphere气氛Thegeneralmoodorfeelingestablishedinapieceofliterature.Atmosphereiscreatedthroughwordchoiceandpacing.5Conflictthecentralproblemthatdrivestheactionofastory.TwomaintypesInternal---theconflicthappensinacharacter`smindExternal---theconflicthappen
6、sbetweencharacters,orbetweenacharacterandsomeoutsideforce.6PointofView视角WhoisnarratingthestoryTwomaintypesFirstperson---thenarratoruse“I”totelltheaction,andisinvolvedinthestoryThirdperson---thestoryistoldfromaperspectiveoutsidethestory.Thecharactersarereferredtobyname,orashe,sheortheyWha
7、tshouldyouconsiderwhenplanninganarrative?TextPointofview视角Theme主题Setting背景Foreshadowing伏笔Symbol象征Plot情节Order顺序Step1.ContextAtthebeginningofanarrative,makeclear:WhenWhereWhoProvidethereaderwithcontexttohelphimthewholenarrativeStep2.PurposeTheremustbeapurposeintellingastory
