ACCAF3考试知识点汇总.pdf

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1、2015年12月ACCAF3考试知识点汇总☆TypesofbusinessentityAbusinesscanbeorganizedinoneoftheseveralways:●Soletrader–abusinessownedandoperatedbyoneperson.Thesimpleformofbusinessisthesoletrader.Thisisownedandmanagedbyoneperson,althoughtheremightbeanynumberofemployees.Asoletraderisfullypersonallyliable

2、foranylossesthatthebusinessmightmake.●Partnership–abusinessownedandoperatedbytwoormorepeople.Apartnershipisabusinessownedjointlybyanumberofpartners.Thepartnersarejointlyandseverelyliableforanylossesthatthebusinessmightmake.(Traditionallythebigaccountingfirmshavebeenpartnerships,altho

3、ughsomeareconvertingtheirstatustolimitedliabilitycompanies.)●LimitedLiabilityCompany–abusinessownedbymanypeopleandoperatedbymany(thoughnotnecessarilythesame)people.Companiesareownedbyshareholders.Shareholdersarealsoknownasmembers.Asagroup,theyelectthedirectorswhorunthebusiness.Compan

4、iesarealwayslimitedcompanies.Insummary,typesofbusinessentityshouldbedifferentiatedinOwnership;OperationrightandLiabilityforthebusinesstoundertake.Forallthreetypesofentity,themoneyputupbytheindividual,thepartnersortheshareholders,isreferredtoasthebusinesscapital.Inthecaseofacompany,th

5、iscapitalisdividedintoshares.☆BusinessTransactions:Maintypesofbusinesstransactionsforabusinessinclude:●Purchaseofinventoryforresale●Salesofgoods●Purchaseofnon-currentassets●Paymentofexpenses●Introductionofnewcapitaltothebusiness●Withdrawaloffundsfromthebusinessbytheowner☆Cashandcredi

6、ttransactions:Cashtransactions:thebuyerpaysfortheitemimmediatelyorpossiblyinadvance.Credittransactions:thebuyerdoesnothavetopayfortheitemonreceipt,butisallowedsometime(acreditperiod)beforehavingtomakethepayment.☆DefinitionofaccountingRecording:transactionsmustberecordedastheyoccurino

7、rdertoprovideup-to-dateinformationformanagement.Summarizing:thetransactionsforaperiodaresummarizedinordertoprovideinformationaboutthecompanytointerestedparties.☆TypesofaccountingFinancialaccountingvsmanagementaccountingAccountingreportsusersinclude:●Management:Needinformationaboutthe

8、company’sfin