资源描述：
《机电一体化专业英语教学课件 作者 黄星 夏玉波 Unit 8.ppt》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在应用文档-天天文库。
1、SingleChipMicroprocessorPartITechnicalandPracticalReadingPassageAIntroductiontoSingleChipMicroprocessorandItsCircuitSingle-chipisanintegratedonasinglechipacompletecomputersystem.Eventhoughmostofhisfeaturesinasmallchip,ithasaneedtocompletethemajorityofcomputercomponents:CPU,memory,interna
2、landexternalbussystem,mostwillhavethecore.Atthesametime,suchasintegratedcommunicationinterfaces,timers,real-timeclockandotherperipheralequipment.Andnowthemostpowerfulsingle-chipmicrocomputersystemcanevenvoice,image,networking,inputandoutputcomplexsystemintegrationonasinglechip.CentralPro
3、cessingUnit(CPU)-rangingfromsmallandsimple4-bitprocessorstosophisticated32-or64-bitprocessors;Input/Outputinterfacessuchasserialports(UARTs);Amicrocontrollerisasingleintegratedcircuit,commonlywiththefollowingfeatures:OtherserialcommunicationsinterfaceslikeSerialPeripheralInterfaceandCont
4、rollerAreaNetworkforsysteminterconnect;Peripheralssuchastimersandwatchdog;RAMfordatastorage;ROM,EPROM,EEPROMorFlashmemoryforprogramstorage;Clockgenerator-oftenanoscillatorforaquartztimingcrystal,resonatororRCcircuit;Includeanalog-to-digitalconverters.Microcontrollerarchitecturesareavaila
5、blefrommanydifferentvendorsinsomanyvarieties.Amongthesearethechief8051,Z80andARMderivatives.MostmicrocontrollerscanuseaHarvardarchitecture:separatememorybusesforinstructionsanddata,allowingaccessestotakeplaceconcurrently.Incontrasttogeneral-purposeCPUs,microcontrollersdonothaveanaddressb
6、usoradatabus,becausetheyintegratealltheRAMandnon-volatilememoryonthesamechipastheCPU.Becausetheyneedfewerpins,thechipcanbeplacedinamuchsmaller,cheaperpackageAlsoknownassingle-chipMCU(Microcontroller),itwasfirstusedinthefieldofindustrialcontrol.Onlybythesingle-chipCPUchipdevelopedfromthed
7、edicatedprocessor.ThedesignconceptisthefirstbyalargenumberofperipheralsandCPUinasinglechip,thecomputersystemsothatsmaller,moreeasilyintegratedintothecomplexanddemandingonthevolumecontroldevices.INTELtheZ80isoneofthefirstdesigninaccordancewiththeideaoftheprocessor,Fromthen
