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1、Ch.5DesigningtheArchitectureInstructor:TanLiwei软件设计与体系结构referenceSoftwarearchitectureinpractice–ch1,ch5,ch7contentsDesigningArchitecture:AchievingQualitiesArchitectureBusinessCycle(ABC)CreatingthearchitectureHowdoesthearchitectcreateanarchitecture?(Multipl
2、echoice):Byre-usingapproachesfromotherarchitectures通过重用来自于其他体系结构的方法Byinventingnewapproachesoutofthinair无中生有地发明新方法Bymagic耍魔术，变一个CreatingthearchitectureArchitectsprimarilyworkbyusingpreviously-triedsolutionsLargescale:PatternsandstylesSmallscale:TacticsStyle
3、s,patterns,andtacticsrepresentconceptualtoolsinthearchitect’s“toolbag.”Professionalarchitectsalwayskeeptheirtoolbaguptodate.风格，模式和策略是体系架构师的工具箱中的概念工具。专业的体系架构师会不断更新自己的工具箱。PatternsandstylesThemoderntermis“patterns”butearlypapersonsoftwarearchitecturewroteabou
4、t“softwarearchitecturestyles.”Stylesinarchitecturewereanalogoustostylesinhouses:Victorian(multi-story,lotsoffrilly(镶褶边的)wooddecorations,tallwindows,basicallysquarefootprint…)Colonial(brickfront,pillarsorcolumns,usuallysymmetricalfront…)Ranch(single-story,s
5、prawling,notverydecorated…)大农场PatternsandstylesIndependentcomponentpatternsCommunication-processesEventsystemsImplicitinvocationExplicitinvocationDataflowpatternsBatchsequentialPipe-and-filterLayersData-centeredpatternsBlackboardrepositoryVirtualmachinepat
6、ternsInterpretersRule-basedsystemsCall-returnpatternsMainprogramandsubroutineObjectorientedStyles->PatternsThen,thedesignpatternscommunityarrived.Architecturalstyleswereclearlyjustpatterns,whosescopeofdesignwasthewholesystem–thatis,whosescopewasthearchitec
7、ture.Now,architecturalpatternsistheterminuse.Therearebooksofarchitecturalpatterns,e.g.,Buschmann,F.,R.Meunier,H.Rohnert,P.Sommerlad,andM.Stal.1996.Pattern-OrientedSoftwareArchitecture,Volume1:ASystemofPatterns.Wiley.现在到了设计模式时代，体系结构风格显然就是模式，其设计范围是整个系统。现在使用的
8、术语是体系结构模式。关于体系结构模式的经典图书ArchitecturalpatternsThesearebroadly-scopedsolutionstopreviouslyencounteredproblems.Anarchitecturalpatternisfoundrepeatedlyinpracticeisapackageofdesigndecisionshasknownpropertiesthatper
