成人英语三级复习资料之语法大全.doc

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1、.成人英语三级复习资料之语法大全一、句法分析1、主语：是句子要说明的人或物,可以作主语的成分有名词，主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家！v1)Mr.Leeisawell-knownscientist.名词作主语v2)Hereadsnewspaperseveryday.代词作主语v3)Twoandtenistwelve.数词作主语v4)Smokingisharmfultothehealth.动名词作主语v5)Toswiminthatpoolisagreatpleasure.动词不定式作主语v6

2、)Whatweshalldonextisnotyetdecided.从句作主语2、谓语:说明主语的动作，状态或特征v1)Thenewtermbeginsonthe1stofSeptember.v2)Hisfatherisanengineer.v3)Sheseemedhappy.v4)LiHuashowedmehisalbum.3、宾语:指的是及物动词涉及到的人或物v1)WangLinglentmeanoveltoreadinthebus.v2)Themedicineisgoodforacold.v3)H

3、owmanypiecesdoyouwant?v4)Mylittlesisteralwayslikestoaskquestions.v5)Wouldyoumindcomingearliertomorrow?v6)HeaskedmewhatIwasgoingtodotonight4、宾语补足语:在宾语后面补充说明宾语的动作、状态、特征。v1)Thegovernmentappointed（任命）herchiefdelegate（首席代表）totheconference.v2)Idon’tbelievethes

4、torytrue.v3)Youshouldputyourthingsinorder（有序）.v4)Thedoctoradvisedhertostayinbedforaweek.v5)Wesawthepupilsplayingbasketball.5、表语：位于系动词如be之后，说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态。v1)Wang’sfatherisadoctor.v2)Heisalwayscareless.v3)Thebasketballmatchison.v4)Allthepupilsareonthepla

5、ygroundnow.v5)Ouraimistowinmoremedals.v6)HisworkisteachingFrench.v7)Thequestioniswhocanreallyrepairthemachines.还有位于以下系动词后面的词，我们也称之为表语：表示感官的：lookseem(看起来)、sound（听起来）、smell（闻起来）、taste（尝起来）、feel（感觉起来）：Helooksdisappointed(形容词作表语)他看起来很失望。Therubbishsmellsterr

6、ible.垃圾很难闻。表示变化的：get、become、turn(变得)。Itbecomeshotterandhotter（形容词作表语）.天变得越来越热了。Word资料.6、定语:是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，翻译常用‘……的’表示。vTomisahandsomeboy.Thetwoboysarestudents.vHisboyneedsTom'spen.Theboyintheclassroomneedsapenofyours.vTheboyneedsaballpen.Thebest

7、boyhereisTom.vThereisnothingtodotoday.Thesmilingboyneedsapenboughtbyhismother.vThisisthenewdictionarywhichIboughtyesterday.7、状语：状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句，说明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让步、方向、程度、目的等。v1)Shesingsquitewell.v2)OnSundays,thereisnostudentintheclassroom.v3)Hesitsthere

8、,askingforapen.v4)Theboyneedsapentodohishomework.v5)IfIhavesomesparetime,Iwillreadsomestory-books.8、同位语是在名词或代词之后并列名词或代词对前者加以说明的成分，近乎于后置定语。如：vWestudentsshouldstudyhard./(students是we的同位语，都是指同一批‘学生’）vWeallarestudents./(all是we