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1、人教课标高二必修5Unit1GrammarUnit1GreatscientistsThePastParticiple同学们,你们还记得在Book4Unit3AtasteofEnglishhumour中有这样三个句子吗?Suchtrainingwascommoninactingfamilies...2.Hegrewmoreandmorepopularashischarmingcharacter...3.Theactingissoconvincingthat...通过观察,我们不难发现第1、2句是动词-ing形式作定语,且放在被修饰的名词前面;第3句是动词-ing形式作表语,放在be
2、动词的后面。今天我们要学习与动词-ing形式相对应的过去分词作定语和表语的用法。过去分词作表语一般用来表示感受或状态(系动词+过去分词)Nowonderheisexcited!(predictive)可以用作表语的常见的过去分词有:delighted,disappointed,upset,astonished,excited,frightened,experienced,interested,qualified,puzzled,exhausted,satisfied过去分词作定语:1.分词可以用作前置定语,此时,分词和名词之间有两种语意关系:一种是分词表示主动(但时间上已经过去);
3、一种是分词表被动。Heisaretiredworker.他是一个退休工人。Thisisanewly-developeddevice.这是一个新开发的工具。2.过去分词作后置定语时,其功能相当于一个定语从句。PastParticipleastheAttributiveLookatthefollowingsentenceswherethepastparticipleisused.Findtwomoreexamplesinthereadingpassageofeachusage.Example:1.Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeopledied.1过去分词短语有
4、时亦可用作非限制性定语,前后常有逗号。Someofthem,bornandbroughtupinruralvillages,hadneverseenatrain.他们当中有一些人,生长在农村,从未见过火车。2.HefoundthatitcamefromtheriverpollutedbythedirtywaterfromLondon.用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移到修饰非人的事物,变成所谓的转移形容语。这种过去分词在形式上直接修饰人,但它所修饰的事物仍与人直接有关。Thegeneralstaredathiminstartledadmiration.将军以惊讶而赞赏的眼光注视着他。
5、Attentione.g.WeaskedtwoofChina’smanytalentedjournaliststotellusmoreaboutnew.Iwanttowriteaboutpeopleaddictedtodrugs.Whenthepastparticipleisasingleword,wheredoyouput,beforethenounmodifiedorafterit?Whenthepastparticipleisaphrase,wheredoyouput?过去分词短语用作定语时,一般皆置之于其所修饰的名词之后,其意义相当于一个定语从句,但较从句简洁,多用于口语中
6、。Thereweretwentyorthirtymonkeyshuddledalongthebranchesasstillasstatues.有二三十个猴子蜷缩在树枝上,静如雕像。Trucksandbusesweredrivenongascarriedinlargebagsontheroof.卡车与公共汽车皆烧煤气,煤气是装载车顶上的袋中。Lookatthedialogueandfindtheuseofthepastparticiple.--IhearyouandJamesareengagedatlast.--Yes,weare.--Whenareyougettingmarried
7、?--Inthespring.--Oh,lovely.Where’stheweddinggoingtobe?PastParticipleasthePredicativeExample:Buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeople.Nowfindtwomoreexamplesinthereadingpassage.Hegotinterestedintwotheoriesexplaininghowch