est Vertical and Lateral Redistribution of POPs in Soils Developed along.pdf

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1、ARTICLEpubs.acs.org/estVerticalandLateralRedistributionofPOPsinSoilsDevelopedalongaHydrologicalGradient,††,‡§MagnusBergknut,*KarinWiberg,andJonatanKlaminder†DepartmentofChemistry,UmeaUniversity,SE-90187Umea,Sweden‡DepartmentofAquaticSciencesandAssessment,SwedishUniversityofA

2、griculturalSciences(SLU),SE-75007Uppsala,Sweden§DepartmentofEcologyandEnvironmentalSciences,UmeaUniversity,SE-90187Umea,SwedenbSSupportingInformationABSTRACT:Studyofthedispersionofpersistentorganicpollutants(POPs)throughouttheenvironmentisnecessitatedbytheirtoxicologicalprop

3、ertiesandpropensitytoaccumulateinbiota.Inthisstudy,weusedatafromtheanalysisof210threePbdatedsoilprofilescollectedalonga30-mhydrologicalgradienttodemonstratepostdepositionalmobilityofpolychlorinateddibenzo-p-dioxinsandpolychlorinateddibenzofurans(PCDD/Fs)andpolychlorinatedbiphen

4、yls(PCBs).Wefoundthat(i)humusoriginatingfromlitterexposedtosurfacefalloutduringthe19601970scontainsthehighestconcentrationsofPCDD/FsandPCBsintheO-horizonofthesoils;(ii)accumulationratesofPCDD/Fsand21PCBsintheO-horizon(∼5.0and∼210μgmyr)constitutedonly9.1%and3.5%,respectively

5、,ofthemeasuredannualinput,demonstratingthataminorfractionofthedepositedmaterialisretainedwithintheO-horizon;(iii)POPinventoriesintheupper0.50.9mofthemineralsoilconstitutedaconsiderablepart(4070%)ofthetotalpoolstoredinthesoil,implyingsignificantverticaltranslocationofatmospher

6、icderivedPOPs;and(iv)increasingdownslopeinventoriesofPOPssuggestalateraldownwardtransportofPOPsfromuphillsoils.ThefindingschallengethecommonlyacceptedviewthatPOPsfalloutiseffectivelyretainedwithinO-horizons.1.INTRODUCTIONinputsofpolychlorinatedbiphenyls(PCBs)aroundtheonsetofthec

7、ommercializationofPCBsinthe1930s,andtheyfurtherTheorganichorizon(O-horizon)offorestsoilsisamainsuggestthatdepositionreachedamaximumduringthelate1960sreceptorofatmosphericallydepositedcontaminantssuchasuptothelate1970swithadecreaseindepositionratesafterthatpersistentorganicpoll

8、utants(POPs)andheavymetals.Under-7,11duetobansandincreasedreg