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1、定语从句定语从句也称为形容词性定语从句，用于修饰名词或代词。而被修饰的名词或代词就是先行词。引导定语从句的关系代词有which,that,who,whom,whose(作主语，宾语，表语等);引导定语从句的关系副词有when,where,why（作状语）.（一）whichwhich用于修饰表示事物的先行词，在定语从句中充当主语，宾语，表语等。Eg:Hewasreadingabookwhichwasaboutthewar.(主语)Eg:Hewasreadingabookwhichhehadbough
2、tfromlondon.(宾语)▲which引导非限定性定语从句可用于修饰整个主句。Eg:Hesetfreethebirdshappily,whichwasacelebrationforhissuccess.(二)thatthat的功能广泛，既可指人又可指物。但是that不可用于引导非限定性定语从句。(三)who,whomwho,whom都可修饰表示人的先行词。who:主语，宾语whom：宾语，介词+whomEg:Thevisitorwho/thatcomeyesterdayisTom.(做主语不
3、可用whon)FirstcameMarywhom/who/thatfewofushadexpected.(做宾语可用who,that,whom)It’sJohntowhomyoushouldaddresstherequest.(介词+whom)=It’sJohnwhom/that/whoyoushouldaddresstherequestto.（介词不在引导词前，所以可用who,that）只能用that而不能用which的情况：①先行词是不定代词（如all,nothing,anything等）或先
4、行词被不定代词修饰时。Eg：ThatisallthatIknow.②先行词被序数词，形容词最高级，theonly,thelast等修饰时。Eg：ThefirstEnglishthatIreadwasCities.③先行词既有人又有物时。Eg:Thescientistsandhisachievementsthatyoutoldmeaboutareadmiredbyusall.④.当主句以who或which开头时，定语从句的关系词用that,而不用which或who.Whoisthegirlthats
5、poketoyoujustnow? Whichisthepenthatyoulost?⑤当关系代词在从句中作表语时。Chinaisnot thecountrythatitwas.⑥当先行词有thevery,theonly,thesame等修饰时。That’stheonlythingthatIcandonow. Thesearetheverywordsthatheused.只能有which,不能用that的情况：①关系代词前有介词Eg:ThehouseinwhichIliveisverylarg
6、e.但若介词不放在关系代词前，which与that可互换。=Thehousethat/whichweliveinisverylarge.②先行词为“those+表事物的复数名词”时。Eg:Studentsshouldkeepinmindthoseregulationswhichrestricttheirbehavior.③先行词本身为that. Theclockisthatwhichtellsthetime.④在非限制性定语从句中。HisEnglish,whichusedtobepoor,ise
7、xcellentnow. （四）whosewhose一般至于名词前，在从句中做定语。Eg:GeorgeOrwell,whoserealnamewasEricArthur,wrotemanyessays.(五)when;where其实在考试中容易出错的地方是关于when与which,where与which的区别。只要记住一个黄金法则：若引导词在从句中做的成分是主语或宾语，就选用which；若是做状语，则用when或where.Eg:1.Thepark,whichIlikeverymuch,isda
8、maged.2.Thepark,whereIplaywithJane,isdamaged.3.I’llneverforgetthedaywhichwespenttogether.4.I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.(六)why表原因，多跟在thereason之后。Eg:That’sthereasonwhyIwantedtoleave.关系副词一般可用介词+which替代，why=forwhich,而when,where的变换
