chinese_philosophy.pdf

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1、óTheworldisaconstantanddynamicinterplaybetweentwocomplementaryforces,yinandyang.Theviewoftheworldandnatureinphilosophy,religionóThereisnoseparationofanimmanentandandmythinancientChina.transcendentworld.óThereisnoradicalontologicaldualismóTheworldisaselfge

2、neratedorganismandthereisnocreatoroutsidetheactualworld(suigenerisandcreatiocontinua)óTheworldisinherentintheDaoandtheDaoproducesandsustainstheworld–thisDaoistheunderlyingmetaphysicalrealityandatthesametimemanifestinallthingsóEverythingintheworldiscompose

3、dofqi.óThehumanbodyisamirrorofcosmos3óThetraditionalChinesekitchenisbasedonyinandyangandtheirbalance.ThethreeforcesintheuniverseManisplacedinbetweenheavenandearthThefiveagentsoractivitiesThefiveagentsarementionedinShujing,butthecombinationofyinandyangwith

4、thefiveagentsisfirstseeninthelateWarringStatesPeriod(475-221B.C.).DaoproducedtheOneTheOneproducesthetwoThetwoproducedthethreeThethreeproducedthe10.000thingsLaozi,chapter42Theoriginoftheworldisidenticalwithyuanqi.Inthestatebeforecreationthereexistedonlythe

5、pureandsubtleqi.InlaterDaoismthereisadistinctionbetweenpurepre-natalqiandpost-natalqióWei-wu-wei(“activenon-action”)óPassivenon-resistancetothenaturalforcesoflifeóNaturalwaytogetthingsdonewithleasteffortandgreatestsuccessó“Gowiththeflow,”yieldtothenatural

6、wayofthingsóAppliedinallwalksoflifeóRelativity:“good”and“bad”asamatterofperspectiveóTheTaoistsageisnon-judgmentalAphilosophyaboutthenaturalworldAfullgrownreligionwithpriests,ritualsandgodsApracticestrivingtoattainlonglifeorimmortalityAwayofthinkingwhichat

7、tacksConfucianvaluesAperennialanduniversalphilosophyAwayofcultivatingthebodyAreligious,philosophicalandsoteriologicalpatchworkofdifferentstrands–12ManmodelshimselfonEarthTheEarthmodelitselfonHeavenHeavenmodelsitselfontheDaoAndtheDaomodelitselfonnaturalnes

8、s(ziran)Chapter25LaoziThetheorythathumankindshouldconquernaturewasnevermainstreamthinkinginclassicalChina.Manspositionintheworldwasalwaysinferiortoheavenandearth(nature)1.AconsciousandanthropomorphicGod2.Theskyincon