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1、SOULANDIFORMbyGeorgLukacsTranslatedbyAnnaBostockTHEMITPRESSCambridge,Massachusetts©Copyright197IHermannLuchterhandVerlag,Neuwied&Berlin.ThistranslationcopyrightTheMerlinPressLtd.,London.FirstpublishedintheEnglishlanguagebyTheMerlinPressLtd.,11FitzroySquare,LondonW.I.F
2、irstMITPressedition,1974LibraryofCongresscatalogcardnumber:74-12828ISBN:0262120666PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica.OntheNatureandFormoftheEssayALettertoLeoPopperMyfriend,TIHEaskESSAmyselfwhetherYSintendedforoneinclusionisentitledinthistobookpublishliebeforesuchworksm
3、eandwhethersuchworkscangiverisetoanewunity,abook.Forthepointatissueforusnowisnotwhattheseessayscanofferas"studiesinliteraryhistory",butwhetherthereissomethinginthemthatmakesthemanewliteraryformofitsown,andwhethertheprinciplethatmakesthemsuchisthesameineachone.Whatisth
4、isunity-ifunitythereis?ImakenoattempttoformulateitbecauseitisnotInormybookthatshouldbethesubjectunderdiscussionhere.Thequestionbeforeusisamoreimportant,moregeneralone.Itisthequestionwhethersuchaunityispossible.Towhatextenthavethereallygreatwritingswhichbelongtothiscat
5、egorybeengivenliteraryfonn,andtowhatextent�thisformoftheirsanindependentone?Towhatextentdothestandpointofsuchaworkandtheformgiventothisstandpointliftitoutofthesphereofscienceandplaceitatthesideofthearts,yetwithoutblurringthefrontiersofeither?Towhatextentdotheyendowthe
6、workwiththeforcenecessaryforaconceptualre-orderingoflife,andyetdistinguishitfromtheicy,finalperfectionofphilosophy?Thatistheonlyprofoundapologytobemadeforsuchwritings,aswellastheonlyprofoundcriticismtobeaddressedtothem;fortheyaremeasuredfirstandforemostbytheyardsticko
7、fthesequestions,andthedeterminingofsuchanobjectivewillbethefirststeptowardsshowinghowfartheyfallshortofattainingit.Thecritique,theessay-callitprovisionallywhatyouwill-asaworkofart,agenre?Iknowyouthinkthequestiontedious;youfeelthatalltheargumentsforandagainsthavebeenex
8、haustedlongago.WildeandKerrmerelymadefamiliartoeveryoneatruththatwasalreadyknowntotheGermanRomantics,atruthwhoseultimatemean
