我做的语言学课件.ppt

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1、TypesofSyllabusInthepastfewdecades,thegrammaticalsyllabus（语法教学大纲）,thelexicalsyllabus（教学大纲的词汇）,theskillssyllabus（技能大纲）,thefunctional-notionalsyllabus（功能、名义教学大纲）,thecontentsyllabus（教学大纲的内容）andthetask-basedsyllabus（任务型教学大纲）havebeenproposedandattractedmoreorlessattention.（课程提纲

2、的类型）1)thestructuralsyllabus(结构性语言教学大纲）2)thesituationalsyllabus(情景教学大纲）3)thecommunicativesyllabus(交际教学大纲）4)thetask-basedsyllabus(任务型教学大纲）Someoftheinfluentialtypesofsyllabuses:(几种有影响力的教学大纲类型）(1)Thestructuralsyllabus(结构性语言教学大纲）Influencedbystructuralistlinguistics(结构语言学家）,thes

3、tructuralsyllabusisagrammarorientedsyllabusbasedonaselectionoflanguageitemandstructures.Thedrawback(缺点):itconcentratesonlyonthegrammaticalformsandthemeaningofindividualwords,whereasthemeaningofthewholesentenceisthoughttobeself-evident(不证自明的),whateverthecontext(上下文)maybe.(2

4、)Thesituationalsyllabus(情景教学大纲)Thesituationalsyllabusdoesnothaveastronglinguisticbasis,yetitcanbeassumedthatthesituationalistsaccepttheviewthatlanguageisusedforcommunication.Theaim:isspecifyingthesituationsinwhichthetargetlanguageisused.Advantages:ithascertainadvantagesov

5、erthestructuralsyllabus,foritsetsouttomeetthelearner’sdistrictcommunicativeneeds.(3)Thecommunicativesyllabus(交际教学大纲)Basedonnotional-functionalsyllabus,itteachesthelanguageneedstoexpressandunderstanddifferentkindsoffunctions,andemphasizestheprocessofcommunication.Yalen(198

6、3)listtencomponentsofacommunicativesyllabus:p280Acommunicativesyllabusshouldtakeintoconsiderationmostofthesefactors,ifnotall.(4)Thetask-basedsyllabus(任务型教学大纲）Task-basedsyllabusesaremoreconcernedwiththeclassroomprocesswhichstimulatelearningthanthelanguageknowledgeorskillst

7、hatstudentsaresupposedtomaster.TBLT(任务型教学）Long(1985):tasksarethosethingswedointherealworld.Prabhu(1987)、Numan(1989):tasksaretheactivitieswedointheclassroom.Laterresearchersdefinetwobroadkindsoftasks:1、Real-worldtasks(真实世界的任务):aretheonehundredandonethingswedoinlifeorwork.2、

8、Pedagogicaltasks(教学任务):arethestudentsareaskedtodointheclassroom.Thesixprinciplesthatthema