MBA专业英语术语.doc

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1、MBA专业术语汇总AAbility-to-payprinciple能力纳税原则TheideathattaxesshouldbeleviedonapersonaccordingtohowwellthatpersoncanshouldertheburdenAbsoluteadvantage绝对优势ThecomparisonamongproducersofagoodaccordingtotheirproductivityAggregate-demandcurve总需求曲线Acurvethatshowsthequant

2、ityofgoodsandservicesthathouseholds,firms,andthegovernmentwanttobuyatanypricelevelAggregate-supplycurve总供给曲线AcurvethatshowsthequantityofgoodsandservicesthatfirmschoosetoproduceandsellatanylevelAppreciation升值Anincreaseinthevalueofacurrencyasmeasuredbytheamoun

3、tofforeigncurrencyitcanbuyAutomaticstabilizers自动稳定器ChangesinfiscalpolicythatstimulateaggregatedemandwhentheeconomygoesintoarecessionwithoutpolicymakershavingtotakeanydeliberateactionAveragefixedcost平均固定成本FixedcostsdividedbythequantityofoutputAveragerevenue平均

4、收益TotalrevenuedividedbythequantitysoldAveragetaxrate平均税率TotaltaxespaiddividedbytotalincomeAveragetotalcost平均总成本TotalcostdividedbythequantityofoutputAveragevariablecost平均可变成本VariablescostsdividedbythequantityofoutputAccelerator加速数theeffectonGDPoftheincreasein

5、investmentthatresultsfromanincreaseinoutput.Forinstance,thegreateroutputleadsafirmtobelievethatthedemandforitsproductswillriseinthefuture;theresultingincreaseininvestmentleadstogrowthinoutputandstillfurtherincreasesininvestment,acceleratingtheexpansionofthee

6、conomyAcquiredendowments后天禀赋resourcesacountrybuildsforitself,likeanetworkofroadsoraneducatedpopulationAdaptiveexpectations适应性预期expectationsbasedontheextrapolationofeventsintherecentpastintothefutureaggregateexpendituresschedule总支出曲线acurvethattracesouttherela

7、tionshipbetweenexpenditures--thesumofconsumption,investment,governmentexpenditures,andnetexports--andthenationalincome,atafixedpricelevelantitrustlaws反托拉斯法lawsthatdiscouragemonopolyandrestrictivepracticesandencouragegreatercompetitionarbitrage套利theprocessbyw

8、hichassetswithcomparablerisk,liquidity,andtaxtreatmentarepricedtoyieldcomparableexpectedreturnsadverseselection逆向选择principlethatsaysthatthosewhomostwanttobuyinsurancetendtobethosemostatrisk,butc