翻译理论与实践(21).doc

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1、作业讲评：“Itwaslikeplayingno-limitpokerandthree-dimensionalchessatthesametime.”Richardson,whoservedasbothSecretaryofDefenseandSecretaryofHealth,EducationandWelfareduringtheNixonAdministration,wastalkingaboutthenegotiationsforaLawoftheSeatreaty,whichcametoavirtualconclusionlastweeka

2、ftersixyearsofdeliberations.TheclimacticconferenceatthePalaisdesNations（万国宫）inGeneva,approvedadraftofthetreatythatisexpectedtogotothememberstatesforratificationnextyear.“这就象是打一场不限赌注的扑克的同时还要下一盘三维象棋。”理查森曾在尼克松政府中兼任国防部长和卫生、教育和福利部长，他在谈到关于海洋法公约的谈判时说了上述这番话。该项谈判经过六年的审议，终于在上周基本结束。标志着谈判成

3、功的大会在日内瓦的万国宫举行，会上通过了公约草案，该草案将于明年送交各成员国批准。Virtualadjective1[beforenoun]almostaparticularthingorquality:Tenyearsofincompetentgovernmenthadbroughtaboutthevirtualcollapseofthecountry'seconomy.Warintheregionnowlookslikeavirtualcertainty.2describessomethingthatcanbedoneorseenusingaco

4、mputerandthereforewithoutgoinganywhereortalkingtoanyone:virtualshopping/bankingvirtuallyadverbalmost:Theirtwinsarevirtuallyidentical.Thatwinestainonmyshirthasvirtuallydisappeared.NegationTheChineseandtheEnglish-speakingpeoplehavelivedsofarapartforthousandsofyearsthattheyoftenth

5、inkindifferentwaysandhavedifferentcustoms.Thesedifferencesinwaysoflivingandthinkingoftenexpressthemselvesinspeech.Negationinthought,inexpressionandeveninthemodeofspeaking,isagreatbutoftenneglecteddifference.Sometimesthedifferenceissogreatthattheeasternandwesternpeoplethinkandsp

6、eakjustintheoppositeway.Whatisaffirmativeinonelanguagemaybeexpressednegativelyinanother,orviceversa.Everylanguagehasitspeculiaritiesinnegation.HencegreatcautionmustbetakenintranslatingEnglishsentencesimplyingnegationsoastoavoidridiculouserrors.TomakethetranslationfitfortheChine

7、sewayofthinkingandmodeofexpression,thetranslatorshouldcarefullyconsiderwhetheranEnglishsentenceshouldbeconvertedintonegativeoraffirmative,andhowitisexpressedinChinese.Intranslation,negationmeanstheformalconversionfromtheaffirmativeintothenegativeorviceversa,whichisoneofthetrans

8、lationtechniques.Transferofnegation:1.Transferofnegati