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1、初中英语定语从句讲解及练习初中英语定语从句讲解及练习一.定语从句及相关术语1.定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose,as 等； 关系副词有where,when,why等。 关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。二.关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人，在从句中做主语 (1)theboyswho
2、areplayingfootballarefromclassone. (2)yesterdayihelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.2.whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1)mr.liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedaboutonthebus. (2)mr.lingisjusttheboywhomiwanttosee. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (3)themanwho/whomyoumetjustnowis
3、myfriend.3.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1)footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys. (2)thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.4.that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 (5)thenumberofthepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityeachyearrisesonemillion. (6
4、)whereisthemanthat/whomisawthismorning?5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语 (1)hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor. (2)ioncelivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin.whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替 (3)theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired. (4)theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwills
5、oonberepaired. (5)doyoulikethebookwhosecoverisyellow? (6)doyoulikethebookthecolorofwhichisyellow?三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导 (1)theschool(that/which)heoncestudiedinisveryfamous. (2)theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous. (3)tomorrow
6、iwillbringhereamagazine(that/which)youaskedfor. (4)tomorrowiwillbringhereamagazineforwhichyouasked. (5)we'llgotohearthefamoussinger(whom/that/who)wehaveoftentalkedabout. (6)we'llgotohearthefamoussingeraboutwhomwehaveoftentalked. 注意：1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look
7、for,lookafter,takecareof等 (1)thisisthewatchwhich/thatiamlookingfor.(t) (2)thisisthewatchforwhichiamlooking.(f)2. 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose (1)themanwithwhomyoutalkedismyfriend.(t) (2)themanwho/thatyoutalkedwithism
8、yfriend.(f) (3)theplaneinwhichweflewtocanadaisverycomfortable.(t) (4)theplaneinthatweflewintocanadaisverycomfortable.(f) 3.“介词+关系代词”前可有some,any,none,both,all,neither,most,each,few等代词或者数词 (1)helo
