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1、Sauna(桑拿)Asaunaisasmallroomorhousedesignedasaplacetoexperiencedryorwetheatsessions,oranestablishmentwithoneormoreoftheseandauxiliaryfacilities.ThesefacilitiesderivefromtheFinnishsauna.Thewordsaunaisalsousedmetaphoricallytodescribeanunusuallyhotorhumidenvironment.Asaunasessionc
2、anbeasocialaffairinwhichtheparticipantsdisrobeandsitorreclineintemperaturesofover80°C(176°F)[citationneeded].Thisinducesrelaxationandpromotessweating.HistoryofsaunaEtymologyThewordsaunaisanancientFinnishwordreferingtothetraditionalFinnishbathaswellastothebathhouseitself.Firsts
3、aunasTheoldestknownsaunaswerepitsduginaslopeinthegroundandprimarilyusedasdwellingsinwinter.Thesaunafeaturedafireplaceandstoneswereheatedinfireuntiltheywerehot.Waterwasthrownoverthehotstonestoproducesteamandtogiveasensationofincreasedheat.Thiswouldraisethetemperaturesohighthatp
4、eoplecouldtakeofftheirclothesEvolutionEventuallythesaunaevolvedtouseametalwoodstove,orkiuas[ˈkiu.ɑs],withachimney.Airtemperaturesaveragedaround160-180degreesFahrenheit(70-80°C)butsometimesexceeded200°F(90°C)inatraditionalFinnishsauna.Steamvapor,alsocalledlöyly[ˈløyly],wascreat
5、edbysplashingwaterontheheatedrocks.Thesteamandhighheatcausedbatherstoperspire,thusflushingawayimpuritiesandtoxinsfromthebody.TheFinnsalsousedavihta[ˈvihtɑ](Westerndialect,akavastainEasterndialect),whichisabundleofbirchtwigs,togentlyslaptheskinandcreatefurtherstimulationofthepo
6、resandcells.TheFinnsalsousedthesaunaasaplacetocleansethemind,rejuvenateandrefreshthespirit,andpreparethedeadforburial.Thesaunawas(andstillis)animportantpartofdailylife,andfamiliesbathedtogetherinthehomesauna.IndeedSaunawasoriginallyaplaceofmysticalnaturewheregender/sexdifferen
7、cesdidnotexist.Becausethesaunawasoftenthecleaneststructureandhadwaterreadilyavailable,Finnishwomenalsogavebirthinthesauna.WhentheFinnsmigratedtootherareasoftheglobe,suchasMinnesota,NorthernWisconsin,theUpperPennisulaofMichiganandWesternOntario,theybroughttheirsaunadesignsandtr
8、aditionswiththem,introducingotherculturestotheenjoymentandhea
