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1、Unit6Whenwasitinvented?SectionA初中英语语法陈旬潮安区庵埠中学Thepassivevoice.被动语态英语中动词有主动语态和被动语态两种语态.主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,在被动语态中动作的执行者有时用by短语表示出来.被动语态的构成:助动词be+(及物动词的)过去分词一般现在时一般过去时am(is,are)+donewas(were)+done{Thepassivevoice.被动语态被动语态的用法:不知动作执行者时,常用被动语态.eg.Mybikewasstolenyesterday.ThiscarismadeinAme
2、rican.2.不必要说出动作执行者时,常用.eg.Romewasnotbuiltinaday.3.为了突出强调动作的承受者时,常用被动语态.eg.Thousandsofbeachesarepolluted(污染).Thepassivevoice.被动语态主动语态变为被动语态的步骤:把原主动句中的宾语转换为被动语态的主语.2.把动词改为被动形式,即“be+过去分词”.注意be动词要按新的主语的人称和数进行变化,时态要和原来的主动语态的时态保持一致.3.原来主动语态句中的主语,如果需要,就放在by后面以它的宾格形式出现.如果没有必要就可以省略.其他的成分(定语,状语)不变,句式也不能变.变
3、被动语态时需要注意的事项一变二套三注意宾变主,主变宾,宾语前面要加by,谓语动词变过分,不忘前面be动词。套时态,主被动句时态一致注意因人称的变化而引起的主谓一致问题。Thepassivevoice.被动语态主动语态变被动语态的结构图:Bellinventedthetelephonein1876.ThetelephonewasinventedbyBellin1876.主语谓语动词过去时宾语时间状语主语谓语动词的过去分词宾语时间状语Thepassivevoice.被动语态主动语态改被动语态:Bellinventedthetelephonein1876.wasbyProfessorVilla
4、gaveJorgeanA.JorgewasgivenanA.AnAwasgiventoJorgebyProfessorVilla.把下列的句子变为被动语态的句子:1、TheyspeakEnglishinCanada.2、Peopleusedwoodformakingtables.3、TheyaremakingcomputersintheUSA.EnglishisspokeninCanada(bythem).Woodwasusedformakingtables.ComputersarebeingmadeintheUSA.把被动句变否定Computersaren’tbeingmadeinth
5、eUSA.4、TheyhavegrownriceinSouthChina.5.Wemustplantmoretreesnextyear.6.Iamgoingtocleanourclassroomtomorrow.Moretreesmustbeplantednextyear.Ourclassroomisgoingtobecleanedtomorrow.RicehasbeengrowninSouthChina.把被动句变疑问.HasricebeengrowninSouthChina?各种时态的被动语态的构成:1.一般现在时态am,is,are+过去分词2.一般过去时态was,were+过去分
6、词3.一般将来时态will/am.is.aregoingto+be+过去分词4.过去将来时态would/was.weregoingto+be+过去分词5.现在完成时态have,has+been+过去分词6.过去完成时态had+been+过去分词7.现在进行时态am,is,are+being+过去分词8.过去进行时态was,were+being+过去分词9.含情态动词的情态动词+be+过去分词变被动语态的特殊情况一、双宾语buy/makesbsth=buy/makesthforsbgivesbsth=givesthtosb1.Myfatherboughtmeacomputer.Acompu
7、terwasboughtformebymyfather.Iwasboughtacomputerbymyfather.2.Hegivesmeabook.Abookisgiventomebyhim.IamgivenabookbyhimSth+be+过去分词+for/tosb+bysb.Sb+be+过去分词sth+bysb二、无to不定式一感二听三让四看feellistento.hearlet.have.makewatch.see.loo