M4P3Grammar-Infinitive.ppt

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1、SandstormsinAsia高中第三册Module4Grammar-InfinitiveThewindisstrongenoughtomovesanddunes.Wewereadvisednottogooutside.It’sfrighteningtobecyclingtoworkinasandstorm.Iamtheonlypersoninmyfamilytohavebeeninasandstorm.Tobecaughtinasandstormwasaterribleexperience.Infinitive不定式主动式被动式一般式完成式进行式/完成进行式/todot

2、obedonetohavedonetohavebeendonetobedoingtohavebeendoing1)不定式的一般式不定式的一般式所表示的动作通常与谓语的动作同时或几乎同时发生，或是在它之后发生。1.Heseemstoknowthis.2.Theyinvitedustogotherethissummer.3.Iexpecttohearfromyousoon.2)不定式的完成式不定式的完成式所表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生。1.Sheseemedtohaveheardaboutthismatter.2.Iamsorrytohavekeptyouwai

3、tingsolong.3)不定式的进行式不定式的进行式表示正在进行的与谓语动词同时发生的动作。1.Theboypretendedtobelisteningwhentheteacherlookedathim.2.Heseemstobeeatingsomething.4)不定式的被动式Themeetingtobeheldtomorrowisveryimportant.Ihadtoshouttobeheard.5)不定式的否定由not或never加不定式构成。Trynottobelateagainnexttime.Hewishedusnevertomeetheragain.一、

4、少数介词后面可跟不定式作宾语1.Hehasnochoicebuttoliedownandsleep.2.Theydidn’topentheirmouthsexcepttocomplain.二、当句子中的主动词为do时,but,except后的动词不定式省去tocan’tbut,can’tchoosebut,can’thelpbut,donothingbut,ratherthan,hadbetter之后省略to.1.Hedoesnothingbutplayallday.2.Atthenewsshedidn’tsayanythingbuttocry.3.Hecan’tchoos

5、ebutdoit.4.There’snothingtodoexcept/butwaittillitstopsraining.三、作目的状语，to可用inorderto或soasto代替（soasto不能置于句首）。ShegotoffthetraininBeijingtoseeafriend.SomescientistswenttoGermanytoattendamedicalconference.Theystartedveryearlyinordernottomissthetrain.四、作结果状语不定式作结果状语表示出乎意料的结果,且不定式前常有only,强调惊讶或失望。

6、V-ing作结果状语强调一种必然的因果关系。Hehurriedtohishouse,onlytofindthatithadbeenbrokeninto.Herparentsdied,leavingheranorphan.Therewasatornadoyesterday,causing100deaths.1、疑问词+不定式的复合结构1.Whentostarthasnotbeendecidedyet.2.Theproblemishowtopersuadehimtochangehismind.3.Wemustlearnwhattodoinfaceofdifficulties.4

7、.Iwonderifyoucouldtellmehowtogettothestation.五、不定式的复合结构2.带有逻辑主语的结构1.It’skindofyoutolendmesuchabeautifulnecklace.2.It’simportantforustomasteraforeignlanguage.此结构中的形容词说明句中行为动词的特征。此结构中的形容词说明逻辑主语的特征Itis+adj.+ofsb.todoItis+adj.+forsb.todoItisfoolishofyoutosaysuchwo