英语论文讲座8.ppt

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1、Chapter8Grammar,AuthorialVoiceandToneinResearchPaperPointstolearninthislesson﹡Tensesinwritingresearchpaper﹡Verbvoiceinwritingresearchpaper﹡Authorialvoiceinwritingresearchpaper﹡Toneinwritingresearchpaper8.1TenseWhenwetalkaboutgrammar,wecannotbuttakeverbtenseintoconsideration.Tensesusedi

2、ntheresearchpaperaremainlyconnectedwithpastandpresentones.Youmovebackandforthbetweenthetwo.Butyoumustdecideaboutwhichtouseaccordingtocertainscientificethicsandestablishedconventions.Weshalldiscusstensefromthefollowingaspects1.Tenseusedinapplied-sciencestudy2.Tenseusedindescribinglitera

3、ture3.Tenseusedindiscussingtheoryorphilosophy4.Tenseusedinreportingresearchresults5.Tenseusedinwritingaliteraryreview8.1.1Tenseusedinapplied-sciencestudyWhenyoureportascientificachievementorquoteaquotationfromyoursourcematerial,youshouldfollowingsomerules.“Accordingtothescientificethic

4、s,onceapaper(orabook)isformallypublished,ithasbecomeestablishedknowledgewhileyourpresentstudybeforeitspublicationisnotregardedasacceptedknowledge.”(WenQioufang,2001:341)Thus,youshouldusethepresenttensetoreportorquoteothers’publishedpublicationssoastoshowyourrespectforthemandemploythepa

5、sttensetopresentyourownstudy.ExamplesRSTproposedin1982byZ.Pawlak,hasnowbecomeahotspotinthefieldsofknowledgediscovery,decisionanalysis,artificialintelligenceandintelligentcontrol.(2)Nunan(1989)defencesthetask-basedapproachas“anyclassroomworkwhichinvolveslearnersincomprehending…(3)Thetea

6、cherconductedtheclassroomactivitiesthroughdeliberatetasksintheexperimentalclass---Class0248.1.2TenseusedindescribingliteratureYoushouldnarrateeventsinliteraryworksinthepresenttensetoindicatethatmultipleexperiencesofreadingservetoreportthesection.e.g.Afterhiscausalaccountofhispreviousse

7、xualexperience,TessfeelsthatAngel’swrongdoingisjustthesameasherown.(FromSamplePaper)Whenyoudescribetheauthor’sactionsincreatingaliterarywork,usuallyyoucanalsoemploythepresenttense.e.g.Andersendescribesnatureandcharacters’psychologybyusingexquisitelanguage(FromSamplePaper2,p.163)8.1.3