历年考研英语翻译真题.doc

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1、首先，问自己是否认识句子中的每一个单词，尤其是这个单词的本义和上下文意思。比如说吧，modify（03年61题），可能你记的“修饰、修改”，但是这里由于上文是“人类”，下文是“环境”，所以要翻译为“改造、改变”。其次，问自己是否知道这句话中每一个单词的成分和上下修饰关系。比如说，还是modify这个词吧。要知道tomodify…是一个不定式短语，modify后面还带了宾语“环境”。这个不定式短语修饰“能力”，可以翻译到中心词前：“有改造环境的能力”，但是由于modify的宾语“环境”后面带了定于从句，所以，最好把这个不定

2、式短语直接翻译在后面，即：人类有能力去改造…。1996年英译汉试题(1)Someofthesecausesarecompletelyreasonableresultsofsocialneeds.Othersarereasonableconsequencesofparticularadvancesinsciencebeingtosomeextentself-accelerating.(2)ThistrendbeganduringtheSecondWorldWar,whenseveralgovernmentscametoth

3、econclusionthatthespecificdemandsthatagovernmentwantstomakeofitsscientificestablishmentcannotgenerallybeforeseenindetail.(3)Thisseemsmostlyeffectivelydonebysupportingacertainamountofresearchnotrelatedtoimmediategoalsbutofpossibleconsequenceinthefuture.(4)However,

4、theworldissomadethatelegantsystemsareinprincipleunabletodealwithsomeoftheworld'smorefascinatinganddelightfulaspects.(5)Newformsofthoughtaswellasnewsubjectsforthoughtmustariseinthefutureastheyhaveinthepast,givingrisetonewstandardsofelegance.1997年英译汉试题(6)Actually,i

5、tisn't,becauseitassumesthatthereisanagreedaccountofhumanrights,whichissomethingtheworlddoesnothave.(7)Somephilosophersarguethatrightsexistonlywithinasocialcontract,aspartofanexchangeofdutiesandentitlements.(8)Itleadsthediscussiontoextremesattheoutset:itinvitesyou

6、tothinkthatanimalsshouldbetreatedeitherwiththeconsiderationhumansextendtootherhumans,orwithnoconsiderationatall.(9)Arguingfromtheviewthathumansaredifferentfromanimalsineveryrelevantrespect,extremistsofthiskindthinkthatanimalslieoutsidetheareaofmoralchoice.(10)Whe

7、nthathappens,itisnotamistake:itismankind'sinstinctformoralreasoninginaction,aninstinctthatshouldbeencouragedratherthanlaughedat.81998年英译汉试题(11)Butevenmoreimportant,itwasthefarthestthatscientistshadbeenabletolookintothepast,forwhattheywereseeingwerethepatternsands

8、tructuresthatexisted15billionyearsago.(12)TheexistenceofthegiantcloudswasvirtuallyrequiredfortheBigBang,firstputforwardinthe1920s,tomaintainitsreignasthedomina