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1、网络出版时间:2017-04-2709:48:34网络出版地址:http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.1809.S.20170427.0948.014.html滨海盐碱地棉花秸秆还田对土壤理化性质及棉花产量的影响11,21,3111秦都林王双磊刘艳慧聂军军赵娜毛丽丽1,*1,*宋宪亮孙学振12山东农业大学农学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018;烟台市农业技术推广中心,山东烟台2640003曲阜市农业局,山东曲阜273100摘要:在滨海盐碱地定点设置连续3年棉花秸秆还田和未还田2个处理,研究其对0~60cm土层土壤理化性质和棉花产量的影响。结果
2、表明,连续3年棉花秸秆还田显著降低0~30cm土层土壤容重和0~10cm土层<0.25mm土壤微团聚体含量;显著提高0~10cm土层>5mm土壤大团聚体含量。在0~20cm土层,3年秸秆还田显著提高棉花播前和各生育阶段土壤有机质、硝态氮、铵态氮和速效钾含量,平均分别比对照提高13.45%、18.57%、22.80%和22.57%;降低土壤速效磷和含盐量,平均分别比对照降低18.29%和16.59%。在20~40cm土层,3年秸秆还田显著提高土壤硝态氮和铵态氮含量,平均比对照提高37.20%和31.62%;显著降低土壤含盐量,平均比对照降低19.06%。在40~60cm土层,3年秸秆还田显著
3、提高土壤硝态氮和铵态氮含量,平均分别比对照提高38.26%和24.83%。3年棉花秸秆还田分别比未还田显著提高棉花籽棉产量11.57%、19.01%和13.24%和皮棉产量18.56%、19.78%和18.73%,但对棉花单铃重和衣分无显著影响。关键词:棉花;秸秆还田;盐碱地;土壤理化性质;产量EffectsofCottonStalkReturningonSoilPhysicalandChemicalPropertiesandCottonYieldinCoastalSaline-AlkaliSoil11,21,3111QINDu-Lin,WANGShuang-Lei,LIUYan-Hui,
4、NIEJun-Jun,ZHAONa,MAOLi-Li,SONG1,*1,*Xian-Liang,andSUNXue-Zhen12StateKeyLaboratoryofCropBiology,CollegeofAgronomy,ShandongAgriculturalUniversity,Tai’an271018,China;YantaiAgriculturalTechnology3ExtensionService,Yantai264000,China;QufuAgriculturalBureau,Qufu273100,ChinaAbstract:Acontinuousthree-year
5、fieldexperimentofcotton-residueincorporationincoastalsaline-alkalilandwasconducted,withtwotreatments:residueremovalandresidueincorporation.Thesuccessivecottonstalkreturningsignificantlydecreasedsoilbulkdensityin0-30cmsoillayerandsoilmicro-aggregateswithparticlesize<0.25mmin0-10cmsoillayer,whilesig
6、nificantlyincreasedthecontentofsoilmacro-aggregateswithparticlesize>5mmin0-10cmsoillayer.Comparedwiththecontrol(residueremoval),thetreatmentofcottonresiduesincorporationsignificantlyincreasedsoilorganicmatter,nitratenitrogen,ammoniumnitrogenandavailablepotassiumby13.45%,18.57%,22.80%and22.57%,resp
7、ectively,whiledecreasedsoilavailablephosphorusandsalinityby18.29%and16.59%atpre-sowingandeachgrowthstagein0-20cmsoillayer.Soilnitratenitrogenandammoniumnitrogenwereincreasedby37.20%and31.62%andsoilsalinityhadared