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1、ElizabethIIIntroductionElizabethIINOWCountriesunderherElizabethII(bornElizabethAlexandraMaryon21April1926)isQueenofsixteensovereignstates,andtheiroverseasterritoriesanddependencies.Sheholdseachcrownandtitleequality,howeversheismostdirectlyinvolvedwiththeUnitedKingdom,he
2、roldestrealmandtheplaceofresidenceoftheRoyalFamily.ApartfromtheUnitedKingdom,ElizabethIIisalsoQueenofCanada,Australia,NewZealand,Jamaica,Barbados,theBahamas,Grenada,PapuaNewGuinea,theSolomonIslands,Tuvalu,SaintLucia,SaintVincentandtheGrenadines,AntiguaandBarbuda,Belize,
3、andSaintKittsandNevis,wheresheisrepresentedbyGovernors-General.The16countriesofwhichsheisQueenareknownasCommonwealthRealms,andtheircombinedpopulationis128million.These16countries,andanother37countriesofwhichsheisnottheQueen,comprisetheCommonwealthofNations.TheQueenisthe
4、HeadoftheCommonwealthReputationallovertheworldElizabethbecameQueenoftheUnitedKingdom,Canada,Australia,NewZealand,SouthAfrica,PakistanandCeylonuponthedeathofherfather,GeorgeVI,on6February1952.SheisthecurrentlythethirdlongestreigningBritishmonarchafterVictoria,whoreignedf
5、orsixty-threeyearsandGeorgeIII,whoreignedforfifty-nineyears.AsothercoloniesoftheBritishEmpire(nowtheCommonwealthofNations)attainedindependencefromtheUKduringherreign,sheaccededtothenewlycreatedthronesasQueenofeachrespectiverealmsothatthroughouther55yearsonthethronesheha
6、sbeenMonarchof32nations,halfofwhicheithermovedtodifferentroyalhousesorbecamerepublics.(SeealsoFormerCommonwealthRealms.)Sheispresentlytheworld'sonlymonarchwhoissimultaneouslyHeadofStateofmorethanoneindependentnation.Inpracticeshepersonallyexercisesverylittlepoliticalexe
7、cutivepower.Abeautifullady-----theyoungqueenTitleintheUKHertitleintheUnitedKingdomis"ElizabeththeSecond,bytheGraceofGodoftheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIrelandandHerOtherRealmsandTerritories,Queen,HeadoftheCommonwealth,DefenderoftheFaith.OthertitleofthequeenEl
8、izabethalsoholdsthepositionsofHeadoftheCommonwealth,LordHighAdmiral,SupremeGovernoroftheChurchofEngland(styled
