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1、AdvancedEnglishBook1Lesson3Objectives:1.toknowthesituationofglobalenvironmentaldamages2.tounderstandthescientificmattersconnectedwithecologicalenvironment3.toanalyzethecausesofenvironmentaldamages4.totrytofindwaystosolveenvironmentalproblemsThetitle:ShipsintheDesert1.Whatkin
2、dofeffectdoesthetitlecreate?Thecollocationofshipanddesertisoutofreaders’commonknowledge,sosthunusualcatchesreaders’attentionandarousestheircuriosity,imaginationandworrying.oxymoron2.Whatdoyouknowabouttheauthor?presentationPara.1Q:1.Wherewastheauthor?2.Whatkindofshipwasheon?3
3、.Whathappenedtotheshipsthere?4.Howcouldshipsbeatrestinthesand?5.WhereistheAralSea?Whathappenedtoit?6.Howseriouswastheproblem?7.Whatwasthecause?8.Howdothelocalpeoplemaketheirlivingnow?9.Inwhatwayistheirlifeaffected?10.Whatrhetoricaldeviceisused?understatement:astatementthatde
4、liberatelyminimizestheimportance,orexpressesanideatooweakly.含蓄陈述,低调陈述Here“Theprospects……lookedbleak”isunderstatementbecausewithsandallaround,therewasnohope,nochanceatalltocatchanyfish,letalonecatchingalotoffish.Comparingunderstatementandeuphemism:Theyaresimilarinfunctions.Eu
5、phemismisoftenasetphraseusedforglorifyinganunpleasantortabooedsubject,whileunderstatementcoversamuchwiderrangewithoutsetforms.Euphemismisthesubstitutionofanagreeableorinoffensiveexpressionforonethatmayoffendorsuggeststhunpleasant.Itsfunctionistogivebettersoundingnametoelevat
6、esthunpleasantorimperfect,tosoftentheshockofrealityortocoverupdreadfulfacts.Eg:Todie:topassaway,todepart,togotosleep,togotoHeaven;tobeatrest;togowestOldage:pastone’stime,feelingone’sage,secondchildhood;advancedinage;pastone’sprime;goldenage;sunsetyearsUnderstatementisusedtoe
7、xpressanideatooweaklytoreplacestrongwordwithweaktermssuchas:usingabit,ratherorprettyinsteadofvery.Itcansometimescreatehumorousorironiceffect.Examples:Generalstatement:Wecansolvethisproblem.Understatement:Thisproblemisnotaboveus.这个问题难不住我们。Someoftheitemsaregood,othersarenotgoo
8、denough.Understatement:othersmightbebetter有些不那么精彩。Heisamanhavingsomeambitio
