E16光的偏振.ppt

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1、Chapter16ThePolarizationoflight§1Naturallightandpolarizedlight§2ProducingandanalysisofpolarizedlightMaluslaw§3ProducingandanalysisofpolarizedlightbyreflectionandrefractionoflightBrewster’slaw§4ThephenomenaofbirefringencePolarizingandanalyzing§1Naturallightandpolarizedl

2、ightLongitudinalwave:thevibratingdirectionisbackandforthalongthedirectionofwavepropagation;Transversewave:thevibratingdirectionisperpendiculartothedirectionofwavepropagation.Planeofvibration振动面：aplanecomposedofopticalvectorEanddirectionofpropagationoflight通过波的传播方向并包含振动

3、矢量在内的平面Polarization偏振:thevibratingdirectionsofwavearenotsymmetryaboutthedirectionofpropagation波的振动方向对传播方向不具有对称性1Polarizationstateoflight光的偏振态Polarizationstate偏振态：在与传播方向垂直的二维空间的振动状态Naturallight自然光Partialpolarizedlight部分偏振光Ontheplaneperpendiculartothedirectionofpropagati

4、onoflight在与光的传播方向垂直的平面上Linearpolarizedlight线偏振光Circularpolarizedlight圆偏振光Naturallight自然光:Acombinationofaninfinitenumberofphotovectorsthathavethesameamplitude,haverandomvibratingdirectionsandhavenotfixedphasedifferenceLinearpolarizedlight(planepolarizedlight)线偏振光:photov

5、ectoronlyvibratesalongafixeddirectionPartiallypolarizedlight部分偏振光:Ontheplaneperpendiculartothedirectionofpropagationofwave,theamplitudesofvibrationofthedifferentdirectionsaredifferent.PlanepolarizedlightPlanepolarizedlightNaturallightPartiallypolarizedlig

6、ht2NaturallightOntheplaneperpendiculartothedirectionofpropagationofthewave,choosingxaxisandyaxis：I：theintensityofnaturallight自然光光强Naturallightcanberesolvedintotwolinearpolarizedlightthatareperpendiculartoeachotherandhavehalfanintensityofnaturallight.自然光可分解为振动方向相互垂直的两个线

7、偏振光，其强度各占总光强的一半.§2ProducingandanalysisofpolarizedlightMaluslaw1PolarizerandanalyzerPolaroid偏振片Polarizer起偏器(2)Analyzer检偏器Anopticalinstrumenttoanalyzethepolari-zationstateoflightAnopticalinstrumenttoturnnaturallightintopolarizedlight(3)Polaroid偏振片Polarizerandanalyzerarec

8、alledpolaroid2Maluslaw马吕斯定律I0:Theintensityofpolarizedlighttobeanalyzed被检偏振光的强度I:Theintensityoflightthroughaanalyzer通过