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1、..2015.11Section1：English-ChineseTranslation(50points)TheRepublicofIrelandisasovereignstateinWesternEurope,occupyingaboutfive-sixthsoftheislandofIreland.ThecapitalandlargestcityisDublin,whosemetropolitanareaishometoaroundathirdofthecountry’s4.6millioninhabitants.Thestatesharesitsonl
2、ylandborderwithNorthernIreland.Itisaunitary,parliamentaryrepublicwithanelectedpresidentservingasheadofstate.Theheadofgovernmentisnominatedbythelowerhouseofparliament.FollowingtheIrishWarofIndependenceandthesubsequentAnglo-IrishTreaty,IrelandgainedindependencefromtheUnitedKingdomin19
3、22.Initiallyadominion,IrelandreceivedofficialBritishrecognitionoffulllegislativeindependenceintheStatuteofWestminsterof1931.Anewconstitutionwasadoptedin1937,bywhichthenameofthestatebecame“Ireland.”In1949,IrelandwasdeclaredarepublicundertheRepublicofIrelandact1948.Irelandranksamongth
4、ewealthiestcountriesintheworldintermsofGDPpercapita.In1973,Irelandenactedaseriesofliberaleconomicpoliciesthatresultedinrapideconomicgrowth,coupledwithadramaticriseininequality.Thecountryachievedconsiderableprosperityfrom1995to2007.Thiswashaltedbyanunprecedentedfinancialcrisisthatbeg
5、anin2008,inconjunctionwiththeconcurrentglobaleconomiccrash.In2011and2013Irelandwasrankedastheseventh-mostdevelopedcountryintheworldbytheUnitedNationsHumanDevelopmentIndex.Italsoperformswellinseveralmetricsofnationalperformance,includingfreedomofthepress,economicfreedomandcivillibert
6、ies.Itpursuesapolicyofneutralitythroughnon-alignment..下载可编辑...ThepopulationofIrelandstoodat4,588,252in2011,anincreaseof8.2percentsince2006.Asof2011,IrelandhadthehighestbirthrateintheEuropeanUnion(16birthsper1,000ofpopulation).In2012,35.1percentofbirthsweretounmarriedwomen.Annualpopu
7、lationgrowthratesexceeded2percentduringthe2002-2006period,whichwasattributedtohighratesofnaturalincreaseandimmigration.Thisratedeclinedsomewhatduringthesubsequent2006-2011period,withanaveragegrowthrateof1.6percent.Irelandranksfifthintheworldintermsofgenderequality.In2011,Irelandwasr
8、ankedthemostcharita
