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1、The1920sI.IntroductionThe1920sisafloweringperiodofAmericanliterature.Itisconsidered“thesecondrenaissance”ofAmericanliterature.Thenicknamesforthisperiod:(1)Roaring20s–comfort(2)DollarDecade–rich(3)JazzAge–JazzmusicImagismWhatisan“image”?AnimageisdefinedbyPoundasthatwhichpres
2、entsanintellectualandemotionalcomplexinaninstantoftime,“avortexorclusteroffusedideas”(如漩涡般融合在一起的意群)“endowedwithenergy”.Theexactwordmustbringtheeffectoftheobjectbeforethereaderasithadpresenteditselftothepoet’smindatthetimeofwriting.OriginatinginthephilosophyofT.E.Hulme,themo
3、vementsoonattractedEzraPound,whobecametheleaderofasmallgroupopposedtotheromanticconceptionofpoetryandinspiredbyGreekandRomanclassicsandbyChinese,Japanese,andmodernFrenchpoets.Theimagistpoetscalledfornewrhythms,clearimages,freechoiceofsubjectmatter,compressedpoeticexpression
4、,anduseofcommonspeech.OriginImagismisapoeticmovementofEnglandandtheUnitedStates,whichflourishedfrom1908to1917.Itscreed,expressedinSomeImagistPoets(1915),includedtheuseofthelanguageofcommonspeech,precision,thecreationofnewrhythms,absolutefreedominchoiceofsubjectmatter,theevo
5、cationofimagesinhard,clearpoetry,andconcentration.IntheU.S.,thegroupwasrepresentedbyPound,JohnGouldFletcher,andAmyLowell.MovementPoundcollectedsomeoftheirworkinDesImagists:AnAnthology(1914),afterwhichhisinterestbegantowane.AmyLowellthenassumedactiveleadership,advocatingthat
6、thegroupsubscribetoafixedprogramandholdtogetherforatleastthreeyears.Underherguidancewerepublishedseveralanthologies,allentitledSomeImagistPoets.ThemostimportantfiguresareEzraPound,H.D.(HildaDoolittle),AmyLowell,andWilliamCarlosWilliams.Otherimportantpoetsinthisperiodinclude
7、T.S.Eliot,E.R.Robinson,WallaceStevens,andE.E.Cummings.MovementDevelopment:threestages1.1908~1909:London,Hulme2.1912~1914:America,Pound3.1914~1917:AmyLowellWithaspiritofrevoltagainstconventions,imagismwasanti-romanticandanti-Victorian.Itstressedfreechoiceofsubjectmatters(oft
8、endealingwithsingle,concentratedmomentsofexperience),concretenessofimagery,musical
