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1、Unit30SomethingaboutTelephone…………………533电话点滴现在，电话已经成为世界上最普通的音频通讯工具，今天的电话较之当时贝尔发明的简陋装置，是无以伦比的精巧和有效，而且，今天使用电话的方式也是贝尔当年不可能预见的……Whenimaginativescientistsfirstsuggestedthepossibilitythatonepersoncouldspeakdirectlytoanotheroveralongdistance,fewpeopletookthemserious
2、ly.AmongthefewwhodidwasaScots-born(苏格兰出生的)AmericannamedAlexanderGrahamBell(亚历山大?格拉海姆?贝尔，美国发明家),whowasoneofthefirsttodevelopatelephonein1876.Nowthemostcommonmeansofvoicecommunicationintheworld,thetelephoneoftoday,isinfinitelymoresophisticatedandeffectivethant
3、hecrudeinstrumentdevelopedbyBell,anditisbeingusedinwayshecouldnotpossiblyhaveforeseen.Oneareathatisrapidlyexpandediscommunicationsservice“onthemove”.BecauseAmericaissuchahighlymobilesociety—asocietyonwheels—telephonesincarsandtrucksarebecomingasessentialasth
4、oseinhomesandoffices.Industryofficialshavepredictedthatmobilecommunicationsservicewillsoonbemorecompetitiveinmanyrespectsthantheserviceprovidedbytelephonesthatdonotmove.Anotherarearapidlydevelopingisoverseastelephoneservice.In1927,whenoverseastelephoneservic
5、ewasinaugurated(开创)witharadiotelephonecallbetweenNewYorkandLondon,theoccasionwasheralded(宣布)as“thrilling”.Today,manytelephoneusersregardinternationalcallsasroutine,andoverseasservice,thankslargelytounderseacables(海底电缆)andcommunicationssatellites,hasundergone
6、extraordinaryimprovement.Transmissionhasbeenmadeclearer,chargeshavebeengreatlyreducedanddependabilityhasbeenimproved.Overseastelephoneservicehasnowbeenextendedtonearly350countriesandareasthroughouttheworld.Theintroductionofdirectdistancedialingin1951wasoneof
7、themostsignificantdevelopmentsintheefforttoimprovelong-distanceservice.Directdistancedialingisnotonlyfastandconvenientforthecaller,ithasalsoenabledtelephonecompaniestohandletheextraordinarygrowthoftelephoneusethathasoccurredsincethe1950s.between1950and1973th
8、enumberoftelephoneintheUnitedStatestripled,withtheadditionof90milliontelephones.FortheBellTelephoneSystem(贝尔电话公司)alone,long-distancecallsinthesameperiodhaveincreasedfrom1.4billionto8.5billion,an
