初三英语总复习之-定语从句.doc

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1、定语从句在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句作定语在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词，that,whichwho(宾格whom,所有格whose)和关系副词when,where,why,关系代词或关系副词在先行词和定语从句之间其联系作用，同时又做定语从句的一个成分。一，关系代词的用法。1.that指物，有时也指人，在从句中做主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可以省略。（1）hisfatherworksinafactorythat/whichmakestvsets.主语指物（2）Whowashurti

2、ntheaccidentthat/whichhappenedyesterday.主语指物（3）Aplaneisamachinethat/whichcanfly.主语指物（4）Thecoatwhich/thatIputonthedeskisblack.宾语可省略（5）Thebooksthat/whichtheyboughtwerewrittenbyme.宾语可省略（6）注意：which和that指物时可以互换，但that比which更常见，尤其在口语中，但要注意that可指人而which则不能指人。2.who指人，that指物外有时也指人，在从句中做主语或宾

3、语。宾语可省略，作主语不可以省略。（1）thegirlwhooftenhelpsmewithmyenglishisfromengland.主语（2）theteacherwhospokeatthemeetingjustnowishavingarestinhisoffice.（3）Anyonewhowantstopasstheexammustworkhardeveryday.（4）Theboythat/whoisplayingfootballonthegroundismybrother.（5）Thegirlwho/thatweren’tbadlyhurtint

4、heaccidentaremyclassmates.（6）Thegirlwho/thatIlikeisn’therenow.宾语可省略（7）Heknewtheteacherwho/whom/thatwemetyesterday.3Whom指人为who的宾格。其前没有介词时可以用who代替也可省略。（1）whoistheteacherthat/whom/whoxiaoliistalkingto?(2)thedoctorwithwhomshewenttotheunitedstateslastmonthisveryfamous.注意：在定语从句中常用介词，当介词

5、放在从句末尾时，who/that/which仍然可以省去，但把介词提到关系代词前，只能用介词加which/whom的结构。这时which不能用that代替。Whom也不可用who代替。如：theroomthat/whichIliveinisverybig.TheroominwhichIliveisverybig.注意：固定词组，不可把介词提到前边。如：herearethepicturebooksthat/whichthechickenarelookingfor.只能that不能用which引导的定语从句。（1）定语从句所修饰的词被形容词最高级所修饰时e.g

6、.thisisthemostinterestingstorythatIhaveeverheard.可省略。（2）定语从句所修饰的词被序数词所修饰时。Thechildrenlikethesecondlessonthatisabout”thefootballmatch”（3）定语从句所修饰的词被theonly,thevery,thesame所修饰时。ItistheonlywordthatIknowinthepassage.可省略ThisisthesamebikethatIlost.这就是我丢的那个车。（4）定语从句所修饰的词被不定代词，all,anynoeve

7、rylittlemuchmany等词修饰时，只能用that引导，但something前有the时定语从句可由which引出修饰thesomething.HereissomethingthatIwilltellyou.IwanteverythingthatIwantHereiseverythingthatmakeseushappy.6.d定语从句修饰词中同时含有人和物时只能用THAT.IcanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepicturesthatIseeintheroom7.定语从句所修饰词为theone用that引出定语从句。I

8、sittheonethatyouwant?可省略。8.为了避免重复