CANDU堆介绍.ppt

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1、CANDU&DifferenceswithPWRB.RoubenMcMasterUniversityEP4P03/6P032008Jan-Apr2008January1CANDUReactorHeavy-watermoderatorNatural-uraniumdioxidefuelPressure-tubereactorCANDUisaPHWR2008January22008January3CANDUandPWRReactorCoolantSystems:VerySimilar2008January4CANDU-PWRBalanceof

2、PlantBalance-of-plantfeaturesinCANDUandPWRareverysimilar:AdministrationandmaintenancefacilitiesPumphouseReactorcontainmentTurbineandgeneratorDifferencesbetweenCANDUandPWRareprincipallyinreactor-coredesign2008January5DifferencesinReactor-CoreDesignCANDUNatural-uraniumfuelH

3、eavy-watermoderator&coolantPressuretubes;calandrianotapressurevesselCoolantphysicallyseparatedfrommoderatorSmall/SimplefuelbundleOn-powerrefuellingNoboron/chemicalreactorcontrolincoolantsystemPWREnriched-uraniumfuelLight-watermoderator/coolantPressurevesselNoseparationofc

4、oolantfrommoderatorLarge,morecomplexfuelassemblyBatch(off-power)refuellingBoron/chemicalreactorcontrolincoolantsystem2008January6Fuellingmachinesatbothendsofthereactor:Oneinsertsnewfuel,oneremovesirradiatedfuel.CANDUOn-PowerRefuelling2008January7CANDUOn-PowerRefuellingLea

5、dsto:Constantglobalpowershape,withlocalized“ripples”aschannelsarerefuelledandgothroughtheirburnupcycleConstantin-coreburnupConstantshutdown-systemeffectivenessPossibilityofon-powerremovaloffailedfuel,andthereforecleanHTS2008January8Refuelling&ExcessCoreReactivity2008Janua

6、ry9Refuelling&ExcessCoreReactivityWhatthepreviousslidemeans,inwords:InCANDU,alittlebitoffuelisreplacedeachday.Thereactivitychangeissmall.Theexcessreactivityofthecoreisalwayssmall,afewmilli-k(exceptattheverybeginningoflife,whenallthefuelisfresh).Thissmallexcessreactivityis

7、continuouslycompensatedforbyvaryingtheamountoflightwaterinliquidzone-controlcompartments.ThelowexcessreactivityisasafetyfeatureoftheCANDUlattice.InPWR(LWRgenerally),batchrefuellingisused.About1/3ofthefuelincoreisreplacedevery12-18-24months.Thereactivitychangeisverylarge.A

8、tthebeginningofcycle(BOC),thereisveryhighexcesscorereactivity(100milli-k?),whichmustbecompensate